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. 2022 Apr 21;13:838990. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.838990

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Copyright © 2022 Zhang, Gao, Zhang, Xiong, Cao, Fu and Cui

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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JEV induces M-MDSC generation through the IRF7 signaling pathway. (A) Replication kinetics of different rAT viruses in BHK-21 cells. (B) Flow cytometry gating strategy for MDSCs. (C) Bar graphs show the M-MDSC and PMN-MDSC ratios in the spleen after infection with different rAT viruses at 3, 5, and 7 days post-infection (n = 4). (D) Venn diagram and cluster heat map showing differentially expressed transcription factors among samples. (E, F) WT and IRF7 KO bone marrow cells were infected with inactivated or live JEV (MOI = 1). (E) The M-MDSC and PMN-MDSC ratios were determined using flow cytometry. (F) ZBP1, IRF7, ARG1, iNOS, CEBE/β, and PHF11b mRNA expression were determined using real-time PCR at 72 h post-infection (n = 4). Representative results of repeated experiments are shown. *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001.