Figure 7.

A‐a) Schematic of bacteria‐triggered enzymatic release of antibiotics from chemically modified polymers. A‐b) Solid‐phase synthesis of mixed anhydride 8 and bacterial lipase triggered release of ciprofloxacin. Reproduced with permission.^{[ 154 ]} Copyright 2014, Wiley‐VCH. B) Illustration of antimicrobial polypeptides with a random coil‐to‐helix conformation transition. Reproduced with permission.^{[ 156 ]} Copyright 2017, Wiley‐VCH. C) Schematic of bilayered hydrogel design. The lower layer contained ΦK particles and the upper layer comprised cross‐linked HA that is degraded by secreted bacterial HAase. Reproduced with permission.^{[ 160 ]} Copyright 2014, American Chemical Society. D‐a) Enzyme‐responsive polymeric vesicles for bacterial strain delivery of antibiotics selectively. D‐b) The changes of chemical structure induced by bacterial β‐lactamase (Bla). Reproduced with permission.^{[ 162 ]} Copyright 2016, Wiley‐VCH. E) Luminescent Lanthanide cyclen‐based enzymatic assay capable of diagnosing the onset of catheter‐associated urinary tract infections. Reproduced with permission.^{[ 163 ]} Copyright 2017, American Chemical Society. F) Illustration of the Ru‐Se@GNP‐RBCM nanosystem for detection and eradication of bacterial infection in response to gelatinase. Reproduced with permission.^{[ 164 ]} Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society. G‐a) The prodrug that is activated by nitroreductase (NTR) to generate an antibiotic and a fluorescent molecule. G‐b) The ciprofloxacin‐latent fluorophore conjugate 1, the fluorophore 2, and antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CIP). Reproduced with permission.^{[ 165 ]} Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society.