Table 2.
Scoresa of governmental responses against COVID-19
| Score items | Total N = 7395 (100%) | Lebanonn = 2385 (32.3%) | Kuwaitn = 1965 (26.6%) | Bahrain n = 1609 (21.8%) | Jordan n = 773 (10.5%) | KSAn = 388 (5.2%) | UAE n = 275 (3.7%) |
Pb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Do you approve the way your country of residence is handling the pandemic? | 3.51 ± 1.53 | 1.88 ± 0.95 | 4.4 ± 0.85 | 4.81 ± 0.52 | 2.54 ± 1.09 | 4.78 ± 0.52 | 4.59 ± 0.61 | < 0.001 |
| Your country of residence helped you and your family meet your daily needs during the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of income and food | 3.51 ± 1.71 | 1.48 ± 0.79 | 4.82 ± 0.47 | 4.88 ± 0.44 | 2.48 ± 1.16 | 4.80 ± 0.42 | 4.72 ± 0.50 | < 0.001 |
| Your country of residence communicated clearly to ensure that everyone had the information they needed to protect themselves and others from COVID-19, regardless of socioeconomic level, migrant status, ethnicity, or language | 3.92 ± 1.36 | 2.56 ± 1.22 | 4.73 ± 0.62 | 4.9 ± 0.39 | 3.28 ± 1.13 | 4.84 ± 0.43 | 4.73 ± 0.49 | < 0.001 |
| You trust your country of residence’s reports on the spread of the pandemic and the statistics on the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths | 3.62 ± 1.42 | 2.39 ± 1.15 | 4.31 ± 0.97 | 4.76 ± 0.57 | 2.66 ± 1.16 | 4.36 ± 0.91 | 4.42 ± 0.82 | < 0.001 |
| Your country of residence provided everyone with access to free, reliable COVID-19 testing if they had symptoms | 3.67 ± 1.54 | 1.86 ± 1.02 | 4.55 ± 0.78 | 4.93 ± 0.32 | 3.51 ± 1.09 | 4.82 ± 0.47 | 4.67 ± 0.54 | < 0.001 |
| Your country of residence made sure you always had full access to the healthcare services you needed during the pandemic | 3.67 ± 1.49 | 1.98 ± 1.01 | 4.58 ± 0.73 | 4.89 ± 0.37 | 3.23 ± 1.07 | 4.73 ± 0.53 | 4.63 ± 0.63 | < 0.001 |
| Your country of residence provided special protections to vulnerable groups at higher risk such as the elderly, the poor, migrants, prisoners, and the homeless during the COVID-19 pandemic | 3.51 ± 1.57 | 1.67 ± 0.82 | 4.53 ± 0.76 | 4.80 ± 0.50 | 2.93 ± 1.082 | 4.63 ± 0.62 | 4.63 ± 0.59 | < 0.001 |
| Your country of residence provided mental health services to help people suffering from loneliness, depression, and anxiety caused by the COVID-19 pandemic | 3.10 ± 1.48 | 1.59 ± 0.80 | 3.83 ± 1.07 | 4.31 ± 0.88 | 2.45 ± 1.03 | 4.18 ± 0.87 | 4.18 ± 0.80 | < 0.001 |
| Total Score (out of 40, mean ± SD) | 28.51 ± 11.04 | 15.39 ± 5.28 | 35.74 ± 4.85 | 38.29 ± 2.93 | 23.08 ± 6.41 | 37.13 ± 3.27 | 36.56 ± 3.44 | < 0.001 |
| Total Score (out of 100, mean ± SD) | 71.28 ± 27.60 | 38.48 ± 13.20 | 89.35 ± 12.13 | 95.73 ± 7.33 | 57.70 ± 16.03 | 92.83 ± 8.18 | 91.40 ± 8.60 | < 0.001 |
KSA Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, SD Standard deviation, UAE United Arab Emirates.
a 5-point Likert Scale coded as: strongly disagree = 1, disagree = 2, neutral = 3, agree = 4, and strongly agree = 5
b Significance at p ≤ 0.05