Fig. 1. Colorimetric detection of arboviruses and vector species. (A) Aptamer–gold nanoparticle conjugates bind to either (B) mosquito salivary protein D7 or (C) Zika virus envelope protein and undergo a (D) visible color change. Possible applications of this technology for mosquito surveillance and control include field-deployable imbibed diagnostics or membrane-based sensors. (E) Upon imbibing diagnostic, mosquito abdomens are colour coded as either red (non-infected) or blue/purple colour (infected). (F) Diagnostic cards containing Apt–AuNPs specific for either arboviruses or Aedes species salivary proteins will undergo colour change following expectoration during sugar feeding.