Rating of the likelihood of pest freedom	Pest free with some exceptional cases – rooted plants (based on the Median) Pest free with few exceptional cases – scions and budwoods (based on the Median)
Percentile of the distribution	5%	25%	Median	75%	95%
Proportion of pest free bundles (rooted plants)	9,956 out of 10,000 bundles	9,971 out of 10,000 bundles	9,985 out of 10,000 bundles	9,993 out of 10,000 bundles	9,999 out of 10,000 bundles
Proportion of infested bundles (rooted plants)	1 out of 10,000 bundles	7 out of 10,000 bundles	15 out of 10,000 bundles	29 out of 10,000 bundles	44 out of 10,000 bundles
Proportion of pest free bundles (scions and budwood)	9,978 out of 10,000 bundles	9,986 out of 10,000 bundles	9,982 out of 10,000 bundles	9,996.5 out of 10,000 bundles	9,999.5 out of 10,000 bundles
Proportion of infested bundles (scions and budwood)	0.5 out of 10,000 bundles	3.5 out of 10,000 bundles	8 out of 10,000 bundles	14 out of 10,000 bundles	22 out of 10,000 bundles
Summary of the information used for the evaluation	Possibility that the pest could become associated with the commodity Lopholeucaspis japonica is a polyphagous armoured scale that feeds on plants belonging to 38 families, with Malus domestica being reported as a host. Crawlers can be dispersed by wind or insects (ants, flies and ladybirds), occasionally also by human transport. Plants for planting and cut branches are reported as possible pathways. It is present in Turkey. It was recorded on Citrus spp. Up to date, there is no record on apple in Turkey. It was detected in the Black Sea region (Artvin, Giresun, Ordu, Samsun, Trabzon, Rize provinces) (Kaydan et. al., 2013); however, there is no L. japonica pest‐free area in Turkey. Measures taken against the pest and their efficacy The relevant proposed measures are: (i) Inspection, certification and surveillance, (ii) Roguing and pruning, (iii) Pesticide application, (iv) Natural biological control, (v) Refrigeration and (vi) Pre‐consignment inspection. Interception records There are no records of interceptions from Turkey. Shortcomings of current measures/procedures Low initial infestations might be overlooked and macroscopic misidentification is possible. Chemical applications can affect biological control agents. Chemicals are applied targeting mainly crawlers, however, no details are given on which pesticides are applied from those listed in Dossier, Section 2.0, on the pesticide application schedule and on the application methods. Low storage temperature can prevent or slow down the development of the pest but will not eliminate it. Main uncertainties – No records of L. japonica on Malus are available. – It is unclear whether the pesticides are applied on a calendar basis or following ad hoc application as function of pest presence, or both – Screening of certified material for this pest could not ensure pest absence because young stages can be difficult to detect. – The pest was detected in the Black Sea region, however no pest‐free area is determined in Turkey.