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. 2022 May 5;22:894. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13299-2

Table 1.

Repeated measures ANOVA for change in depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms and QoL over time*

Dependent Variable F-value p-value (change over time) Trimester 1 (mean ± SE) Trimester 2 (mean ± SE) Trimester 3 (mean ± SE)
Factor scores Depressive symptoms 4.22 0.0158 5.40 ± 0.34a 4.21 ± 0.44b 4.00 ± 0.45b
Total Anxiety symptoms 20.83  < 0.0001 5.66 ± 0.43a 2.65 ± 0.54b 2.00 ± 0.54b
  Fear Factor 8.39 0.0003 1.56 ± 0.17a 0.84 ± 0.22b 0.56 ± 0.22b
  Nervous Factor 16.68  < 0.0001 1.69 ± 0.14a 0.61 ± 0.17b 0.88 ± 0.18b
  Panic Factor 8.53 0.0003 1.07 ± 0.12a 0.63 ± 0.16a,b 0.25 ± 0.16b
  Somatic Factor 20.43  < 0.0001 2.32 ± 0.69a 1.56 ± 0.70b 1.32 ± 0.71b
Total QoL 9.85  < 0.0001 34.24 ± 1.24a 36.05 ± 1.58a 27.25 ± 1.59b
  Physical Health 22.14  < 0.0001 48.04 ± 1.45a 44.15 ± 1.45a 35.91 ± 1.46b
  Role Physical 6.21 0.0023 28.25 ± 2.34a 29.25 ± 2.98a 16.74 ± 2.99b
  Role Emotional 4.18 0.0163 40.65 ± 2.54a,b 43.89 ± 3.22a 31.89 ± 3.24b
  GHV 24.46  < 0.0001 19.74 ± 0.72a 26.95 ± 0.91b 24.46 ± 0.92b

*Means with different letter superscripts within a row are significantly different. QoL quality of life, GHV general health/vitality