| Cementation reaction |
Batch, a decorative ruthenium plating workshop, 20 and 70 C, 50 mg zinc powder, 90 min |
Ru: <75% at T = 298.16 K, Ru: >95% at T = 338.16 K (add 1000 mg NaCl) |
20
|
| Adsorption |
Batch, acetic acid waste solution containing Ru, polyethylenimine modified bacterial biosorbent, 24 h |
Ru: 90% at T = 293.16 K ([Ru]initial = 61.6 mg L−1) |
18
|
| Adsorption |
Batch, Ru synthetic solution, alginate gel polymers, 2.5 M HNO3, 2 day |
RuNO3+: 90% at T = 298.16 K |
19
|
| Biosorption |
Batch, industrial effluents, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, 298.16 K and 338.16 K, 64 h |
Ru: 42% to 72% (biomass) ([Ru]initial = 1800 mg L−1) |
33
|
| Cementation |
Batch, integrated circuit foundry's wastewater, aluminum powder (88–128 μm), 2 h |
Ru: >99.4% at 338.16 K ([Ru]initial = 200 mg L−1) |
This study |
