Table 1.
Characteristics of patients included in this study
| Variables | Total (n=599) | Calcium (n=72) | Noncalcium (n=527) | STD (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean±SD | 57.8±21.3 | 57.6±19.4 | 57.9±21.6 | −0.012 |
| Sex – male, n (%) | 374 (62.4) | 41 (56.9) | 333 (63.2) | −0.127 |
| Time on arrival, n (%) | ||||
| Day (8.01-16.00) | 206 (34.4) | 27 (37.5) | 179 (34.0) | +0.090 |
| Evening (16.01-24.00) | 172 (28.7) | 21 (29.2) | 151 (28.7) | |
| Night (0.01-8.00) | 221 (36.9) | 24 (33.3) | 197 (37.4) | |
| Mechanism of cardiac arrest, n (%) | ||||
| Trauma | 179 (29.9) | 13 (18.1) | 166 (31.5) | −0.314 |
| Nontrauma | 420 (70.1) | 59 (81.9) | 361 (68.5) | |
| Location of cardiac arrest, n (%) | ||||
| Out-of-hospital | 370 (61.8) | 58 (80.6) | 312 (59.2) | +0.477 |
| Emergency department | 229 (38.2) | 14 (19.4) | 215 (40.8) | |
| Shockable initial presenting rhythm, n (%) | 68 (11.4) | 7 (9.7) | 61 (11.6) | −0.060 |
| Total CPR duration (min), median (IQR) | 12 (5-28) | 28 (13-32) | 10 (4-23) | +0.678 |
| Received epinephrine during CPR, n (%) | 549 (91.7) | 72 (100.0) | 477 (90.5) | +0.457 |
| Total administered dose of adrenaline (mg), median (IQR) | 3 (1-7) | 7 (4-8.5) | 2 (1-6) | +0.912 |
| Received bicarbonate during CPR, n (%) | 196 (32.7) | 62 (86.1) | 134 (25.4) | +1.536 |
| Received glucose during CPR, n (%) | 68 (11.4) | 21 (29.2) | 47 (8.9) | +0.530 |
| Received amiodarone during CPR, n (%) | 54 (9.0) | 12 (16.7) | 42 (8.0) | +0.265 |
| Received lidocaine during CPR, n (%) | 22 (3.7) | 10 (13.9) | 12 (2.3) | +0.433 |
| Serum calcium level (mg/dL), mean±SD | 8.1±1.6 | 8.4±2.2 | 8.1±1.5 | +0.164 |
| Serum potassium level (mmol/L), mean±SD | 4.6±1.6 | 5.9±2.7 | 4.5±1.3 | +0.677 |
| Serum bicarbonate level (mmol/L), mean±SD | 15.3±6.5 | 13.4±6.2 | 15.5±6.5 | −0.329 |
| Serum arterial pH, mean±SD | 7.03±0.24 | 6.97±0.26 | 7.03±0.24 | −0.264 |
CPR: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, IQR: Interquartile range, SD: Standard deviation, STD: Standardized difference