Table 1.
Participant Demographics
| Variable | N | Percentage | Gratitude M (SD) | Optimism M (SD) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 2,826 | 64.15% | 5.24(1.17) | 3.23 (0.75) |
| Female | 1,518 | 34.46% | 5.50(1.13) | 3.07 (0.79) |
| Other | 61 | 1.38% | 4.95 (1.39) | 2.95 (0.83) |
| Age | ||||
| 18–29 years old | 740 | 16.89% | 5.08 (1.23) | 2.98 (0.75) |
| 30–39 years old | 1,108 | 25.30% | 5.29 (1.13) | 3.05 (0.77) |
| 40–49 years old | 1,206 | 27.53% | 5.29 (1.18) | 3.14 (0.73) |
| 50–64 years old | 1,046 | 23.88% | 5.45 (1.16) | 3.36 (0.75) |
| 65+ years old | 280 | 6.39% | 5.80 (0.92) | 3.57 (0.64) |
| Country | ||||
| United States | 2,711 | 62.36% | 5.48 (1.16) | 3.19 (0.79) |
| United Kingdom | 512 | 11.78% | 5.05(1.19) | 3.00 (0.80) |
| Australia | 362 | 8.33% | 5.15 (1.17) | 3.24 (0.71) |
| Canada | 307 | 7.06% | 5.28 (1.09) | 3.22 (0.72) |
| India | 129 | 2.97% | 4.85 (0.97) | 3.15 (0.51) |
| Singapore | 68 | 1.56% | 5.11 (1.09) | 3.20 (0.53) |
| Hong Kong | 39 | 0.90% | 4.84(1.12) | 3.14 (0.41) |
| New Zealand | 24 | 0.55% | 5.40(1.27) | 3.29 (0.58) |
| Other | 195 | 4.49% | 4.90(1.08) | 3.16(0.65) |
| Education | ||||
| Elementary school (no high school) | 116 | 2.71% | 4.73 (1.24) | 2.85 (0.71) |
| High school or GED | 659 | 15.41% | 5.01 (1.22) | 3.01 (0.74) |
| Some college | 1,041 | 24.34% | 5.30(1.21) | 3.06 (0.80) |
| 2-year Degree | 487 | 11.39% | 5.46(1.11) | 3.21 (0.76) |
| 4-year Degree | 1,018 | 23.80% | 5.45 (1.08) | 3.26 (0.73) |
| Graduate school | 956 | 22.35% | 5.49 (1.11) | 3.33 (0.73) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 2,878 | 65.84% | 5.35 (1.16) | 3.15 (0.79) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 178 | 4.07% | 5.78 (1.14) | 3.34 (0.76) |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 298 | 6.82% | 5.03 (1.11) | 3.21 (0.57) |
| Hispanic/Latino | 454 | 10.39% | 5.36(1.16) | 3.24 (0.75) |
| Multiple races | 409 | 9.36% | 5.21 (1.17) | 3.17 (0.68) |
| Other | 154 | 3.52% | 5.21 (1.28) | 3.09 (0.81) |