Fig. 5. EMSA assay of NF-κB and Smad3/4. (A) Changes in NF-κB transcriptional activity. (B) Changes in Smad3/4 transcriptional activity. The Epstein–Barr virus nuclear antigen (EBNA) is the nuclear antigen of the Epstein–Barr virus and serves as a positive control for EMSA. The nucleic acid probes of the db/db, db/db + HED, db/m and db/m + HED groups are oligonucleotide probes that bind to NF-κB and Smad3/4; the oligonucleotide probe that binds to EBNA is the detection probe that comes with the kit.
