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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 May 5.
Published in final edited form as: Am Econ Rev. 2022 Feb;112(2):494–533. doi: 10.1257/aer.20201480

FIGURE 6. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISK FACTORS ON DOWNSTREAM CONDITIONS.

FIGURE 6.

Notes: Each of the risk factors on the left is matched to downstream conditions on the right, based on studies in the clinical literature. Mood disorders include depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety/post-traumatic stress disorder. CVD = cardiovascular disease and includes ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, other heart disease, and peripheral vascular disease, strokes, and cerebrovascular disease. Renal includes acute and chronic renal failure or end-stage renal disease. Eye and ear include disorders of the eye and ear. Accidents includes all injury: accidents, falls, poisoning. The full list of conditions in each category is shown in Appendix Table A6.