. 2019 Sep 6;9(48):28061–28077. doi: 10.1039/c9ra05546k

The levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and PGE2 in synovial fluid (mean ± standard deviation, n = 8). [Source: Zhenkun et al.,¹⁸ Copyright© 2017 with permission from Elsevier B.V.]^a.

Group	IL-1β/pg mL⁻¹	TNF-α/pg mL⁻¹	PGE2/pg mL⁻¹
Control	13.05 ± 0.129**^##	6.58 ± 0.071**^##	0.46 ± 0.017**^##
Sham	13.38 ± 0.080**^##	7.39 ± 0.055**^##	0.45 ± 0.025**^##
OA	62.78 ± 0.631^##	23.31 ± 0.403^##	5.63 ± 0.125^##
CS-SM	33.64 ± 0.407**	13.63 ± 0.380**	2.28 ± 0.050**
CS-S	34.94 ± 0.410**	13.23 ± 0.484**	2.22 ± 0.062**

Compared to OA group = *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01; compared to CS-S group = ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01.

The levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and PGE2 in synovial fluid (mean ± standard deviation, n = 8). [Source: Zhenkun et al.,18 Copyright© 2017 with permission from Elsevier B.V.]a.