Comparison of exposure sonication time and oil content effects on the nanoemulsification energy and power density of saponin based nanoemulsions (50 mL, SOR 2 : 10 wt%).
| Oil content (wt%) | Sonication time (min) | Total energy delivered (kJ) | Energy density (kJ mL−1) | Power density (W mL−1) | Mean droplet diameters (nm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | 3 | 26.96 | 0.54 | 3.00 | 216.5 ± 5.0 |
| 9 | 78.57 | 1.57 | 2.91 | 171.0 ± 1.4 | |
| 15 | 136.78 | 2.74 | 3.04 | 153.8 ± 1.2 | |
| 21 | 183.28 | 3.67 | 2.91 | 148.6 ± 3.4 | |
| 27 | 233.42 | 4.67 | 2.88 | 134.3 ± 5.2 | |
| 33 | 297.03 | 5.94 | 3.00 | 131.5 ± 2.2 | |
| 20 | 15 | 135.19 | 2.70 | 3.00 | 148.4 ± 0.8 |
| 30 | 15 | 138.60 | 2.77 | 3.01 | 147.0 ± 1.6 |
| 40 | 15 | 147.27 | 2.94 | 3.27 | 141.3 ± 10.2 |
| 50 | 15 | 157.48 | 3.15 | 3.50 | 138.5 ± 9.5 |
| 60 | 3 | 28.44 | 0.57 | 3.16 | 170.1 ± 1.6 |