Table 2.
Incidence rates and hazard ratios (HRs) for cardiovascular/cerebrovascular outcomes in hypertensive disorders of the pregnancy, stratified by systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) status.
| SLE | No SLE | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| HDP | No HDP | HDP | No HDP | |
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| Cardiovascular outcomes * | ||||
|
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| Events/Person-years | 10/1127 | 17/4275 | 3/2596 | 25/36 054 |
|
| ||||
| Rate per 10 000 py (95% CI) | 88.8 (44.5, 155.6) | 39.8 (9.3, 158.0) | 11.6 (2.9, 30.0) | 6.9 (0.6, 75.5) |
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| Crude HR (95% CI) | 2.0 (0.9, 4.5) | 1.0 [Ref] | 1.7 (0.5, 5.7) | 1.0 [Ref] |
|
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| Adjusted HR (95% CI) | 1.9 (0.8, 4.3) | 1.0 [Ref] | 1.7 (0.5, 6.0) | 1.0 [Ref] |
|
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|
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| Acute myocardial infarction (only) | ||||
|
| ||||
| Events/Person-years | 2/1199 | 3/4491 | 1/2613 | 4/36 234 |
|
| ||||
| Rate per 10 000 py (95% CI) | 16.7 (2.8, 51.5) | 6.7 (0.2, 156.5) | 3.8 (0.2, 16.8) | 1.1 (0.0, 95.0) |
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| Stroke (only) | ||||
|
| ||||
| Events/Person-years | 7/1156 | 7/4368 | 0/2615 | 13/36 149 |
|
| ||||
| Rate per 10 000 py (95% CI) | 60.6 (26.0, 117.1) | 16.0 (2.4, 90.5) | Not estimable | 3.6 (0.6, 18.5) |
|
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| Hypertension ** | ||||
|
| ||||
| N | 67 | 333 | 181 | 2665 |
|
| ||||
| Events/Person-years | 36/687 | 69/3683 | 39/2203 | 181/34 836 |
|
| ||||
| Rate per 10 000 py (95% CI) | 523.7 (370.7, 713.9) | 187.3 (89.3, 385.9) | 177.0 (127.1, 238.5) | 52.0 (26.7, 100.3) |
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| ||||
| Crude HR (95% CI) | 2.9 (1.9, 4.4) | 1.0 [Ref] | 3.4 (2.4, 4.9) | 1.0 [Ref] |
|
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| Adjusted HR (95% CI) | 3.0 (2.0, 4.6) | 1.0 [Ref] | 3.1 (2.2, 4.4) | 1.0 [Ref] |
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| Hypertension-NPR ONLY γ | ||||
|
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| N | 73 | 335 | 194 | 2669 |
|
| ||||
| Events/Person-years | 16/946 | 23/4127 | 18/2492 | 40/35 901 |
|
| ||||
| Rate per 10 000 py (95% CI) | 169.1 (99.2, 266.0) | 55.7 (17.4, 168.9) | 72.2 (43.8, 110.9) | 11.1 (3.9, 30.6) |
|
| ||||
| Crude HR (95% CI) | 2.7 (1.4, 5.2) | 1.0 [Ref] | 6.7 (3.8, 11.8) | 1.0 [Ref] |
|
| ||||
| Adjusted HR (95% CI) | 2.6 (1.3, 5.1) | 1.0 [Ref] | 6.3 (3.5, 11.3) | 1.0 [Ref] |
HDP = hypertensive disorders of the pregnancy; HR = hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval; py = person-years; NPR = National Patient Register.
Crude and adjusted hazard ratio models were stratified by period of delivery. The adjusted model was controlled for maternal age at delivery, county of birth, education, BMI (categorical including missing), and first trimester smoking.
Includes fatal and non-fatal acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, stroke, transient ischemic stroke, and heart failure.
Incident hypertension defined as ≥1 visit for hypertension or ≥2 dispensations of antihypertensive medication ≥3 months postpartum. Exclusions include women who had pregestational hypertension that was defined using visit and mediciation dispensation data.Women with history of the outcome at start of follow-up were excluded: SLE/HDP n=24, SLE/non-HDP n=33, non-SLE/HDP n=19, non-SLE/non-HDP n=24.
Incident hypertension defined only on the basis of ICD-coded visits for hypertension. Women with history of the outcome at start of follow-up were excluded: SLE/HDP n=11, SLE/non-HDP n=23, non-SLE/HDP n=5, non-SLE/non-HDP n=24. Exclusions include women who had pregestational hypertension that was defined using visit and mediciation dispensation data.