TABLE 3.
Impact of SELEVER on the probability of adequate intakes of vitamin A, iron, and zinc, on the mean probability of adequacy and on IDDS, in caregivers and index children1
| Round 2 | Round 3 | Treatment vs. control | Round 2 | Round 3 | SELEVER vs. control | SELEVER + WASH vs. control | SELEVER + WASH vs. SELEVER | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Control | Treatment | Control | Treatment | Δ | P value | SELEVER | SELEVER + WASH | SELEVER | SELEVER + WASH | Δ | P value | Δ | P value | Δ | P value |
| Caregivers | n = 339 | n = 673 | n = 326 | n = 630 | n = 343 | n = 330 | n = 328 | n = 302 | ||||||||
| Energy intake, kcal/d | 2007 ± 929 | 2151 ± 886 | 2127 ± 1163 | 2144 ± 984 | 63.7 | 0.56 | 2103 ± 878 | 2201 ± 893 | 2109 ± 885 | 2182 ± 1081 | 3.9 | 0.97 | 126 | 0.33 | 122 | 0.20 |
| PA vitamin A, % | 0.47 ± 5.1 | 0.57 ± 4.7 | 0.53 ± 5.8 | 0.49 ± 3.4 | 0.25 | 0.23 | 0.29 ± 2.6 | 0.85 ± 6.2 | 0.58 ± 4.3 | 0.39 ± 2.0 | 0.33 | 0.32 | 0.17 | 0.35 | −0.16 | 0.64 |
| PA iron, % | 44 ± 10 | 43 ± 10 | 38 ± 10 | 37 ± 11 | 1.8 | 0.030* | 43 ± 11 | 43 ± 10 | 36 ± 12 | 38 ± 10 | 1.7 | 0.059 | 1.9 | 0.035* | 0.2 | 0.78 |
| PA zinc, % | 72 ± 40 | 64 ± 41 | 69 ± 42 | 64 ± 42 | −2.0 | 0.25 | 60 ± 42 | 68 ± 40 | 60 ± 43 | 69 ± 41 | −4.0 | 0.052 | 0.09 | 0.96 | 4.1 | 0.038* |
| MPA, % | 22± 5.6 | 22 ± 5.9 | 20 ± 7.0 | 20± 6.9 | 0.37 | 0.48 | 21± 6.0 | 22± 5.8 | 19 ± 7.1 | 20 ± 6.5 | 0.034 | 0.95 | 0.70 | 0.21 | 0.67 | 0.17 |
| IDDS,2 food groups | 3.6 ± 0.94 | 3.6 ± 0.99 | 3.7 ± 0.96 | 3.8 ± 1.0 | −0.060 | 0.59 | 3.6 ± 1.0 | 3.6 ± 0.99 | 3.8 ± 1.0 | 3.7 ± 1.0 | −0.020 | 0.87 | −0.10 | 0.49 | −0.081 | 0.60 |
| Index children | n = 342 | n = 676 | n = 321 | n = 623 | n = 345 | n = 331 | n = 326 | n = 297 | ||||||||
| Energy intake, kcal/d | 1292 ± 628 | 1368 ± 574 | 1512 ± 669 | 1494 ± 642 | 5.4 | 0.9 | 1359 ± 562 | 1378 ± 588 | 1455 ± 627 | 1536 ± 656 | −31 | 0.60 | 46 | 0.53 | 77 | 0.23 |
| PA vitamin A, % | 11 ± 23 | 12 ± 25 | 6.5 ± 19 | 7.1 ± 18 | 0.82 | 0.58 | 11 ± 23 | 13 ± 26 | 7.1 ± 19 | 7.2 ± 18 | 0.64 | 0.69 | 1.0 | 0.54 | 0.37 | 0.79 |
| PA iron, % | 90 ± 15 | 90 ± 15 | 84 ± 23 | 83 ± 24 | −1.4 | 0.5 | 91 ± 14 | 90 ± 16 | 83 ± 24 | 82 ± 24 | 0.38 | 0.86 | −3.3 | 0.21 | −3.7 | 0.17 |
| PA zinc, % | 100 ± 0.90 | 100 ± 1.6 | 94 ± 16 | 93 ± 16 | −1.4 | 0.38 | 100 ± 2.2 | 100 ± 0.70 | 94 ± 17 | 93 ± 16 | −0.17 | 0.90 | −2.7 | 0.27 | −2.5 | 0.29 |
| MPA, % | 53 ± 10 | 53 ± 11 | 45 ± 14 | 45 ± 14 | −0.34 | 0.77 | 53 ± 11 | 53 ± 11 | 45 ± 14 | 45 ± 15 | 0.30 | 0.81 | −1.0 | 0.48 | −1.3 | 0.36 |
| IDDS,2 food groups | 3.6 ± 0.96 | 3.6 ± 1.0 | 3.8 ± 0.95 | 3.8 ± 1.0 | −0.048 | 0.63 | 3.6 ± 1.0 | 3.7 ± 1.0 | 3.9 ± 1.0 | 3.8 ± 0.99 | −0.036 | 0.76 | −0.062 | 0.61 | −0.025 | 0.85 |
Descriptive values are unadjusted means with standard deviation. Δ is the linear regression coefficient and represents the change in the outcome in a group compared with another group, as indicated in column headers. It is expressed in the same unit as the outcome or, when the unit is a percentage, it is expressed in percentage points. Asterisks indicate P values of comparison of Δ to 0 value: *P < 0.05, which is the level of significance set for the study; * *P < 0.017, which is the level of significance when adjusting for multiple testing across 3 study groups using the Bonferroni method. IDDS, Individual Dietary Diversity Score; MPA, mean probability of adequacy; PA, probability of adequacy; SELEVER, Soutenir l'Exploitation Familiale pour Lancer l’Élevage des Volailles et Valoriser l’Économie Rurale; VVV, village volunteer vaccinator and popularizer; WASH, water, hygiene, and sanitation.
Number of food groups consumed the previous day of 10 food groups: starchy staples; pulses; nuts and seeds; dairy; meat, poultry, and fish; eggs; dark green leafy vegetables; other vitamin A–rich fruit and vegetables; other vegetables; and other fruit.