Table 1.
Sample Characteristics (N = 3,597)
| Weighted | Unweighted | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Range | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) |
| % | % | ||
| Age (in years) | 65–93 | 71.94 (5.53) | 72.30 (5.20) |
| Female | 57.2% | 59.6% | |
| Race | |||
| White | 89.8% | 85.8% | |
| Black | 6.9% | 11.0% | |
| Other | 3.3% | 3.2% | |
| Years of education | 0–17 | 13.01 (2.85) | 12.90 (2.85) |
| Married/partnered | 64.1% | 64.7% | |
| Employed | 21.4% | 19.7% | |
| Number of chronic conditions | 0–7 | 2.08 (1.23) | 2.13 (1.23) |
| Depressive symptoms | 0–7 | 0.21 (1.04) | 0.20 (1.03) |
| Memory | 0–20 | 10.11 (3.07) | 10.0 (3.02) |
| Having ADL limitations | 10.7% | 10.5% | |
| Having IADL limitations | 20.1% | 19.8% |
Notes: ADL = activities of daily living; IADL = instrumental activities of daily living; SD = standard deviation. Depressive symptoms were measured using the eight-item Center for Epidemiological Studies—Depression scale. Memory was measured using immediate and delayed word list recall task.