Table 3.

Effect of different doses of administration of pendimethalin on serum biochemistry of Hypophthalmichthys nobilis (bighead carp).

Parameters (hours)	Groups/treatments
	T0 (0.0 mg/L)	T1 (0.25 mg/L)	T2 (0.50 mg/L)	T3 (0.75 mg/L)
Creatinine (mg/dL)
72	1.48 ± 0.63	1.52 ± 0.02	1.55 ± 0.01	1.59 ± 0.07
96	1.50 ± 0.06	1.55 ± 0.06	1.61 ± 0.07	1.78 ± 0.01∗
120	1.51 ± 0.11	1.67 ± 0.12	1.69 ± 0.14∗	1.79 ± 0.11∗
Glucose (mg/dL)
72	31.5 ± 0.22	32.7 ± 0.32	33.8 ± 0.43	35.9 ± 0.61
96	30.9 ± 0.51	35.3 ± 0.86	35.7 ± 0.21	38.5 ± 0.32∗
120	32.5 ± 0.53	34.5 ± 0.15	38.2 ± 0.23∗	42.8 ± 0.44∗
Urea (mg/dL)
72	7.97 ± 0.58	8.21 ± 0.53	8.11 ± 0.50	8.94 ± 0.60
96	8.10 ± 0.46	8.51 ± 0.74	8.78 ± 0.83	9.95 ± 0.83∗
120	8.04 ± 0.73	9.66 ± 1.12	9.89 ± 1.15∗	10.88 ± 1.01∗
Serum total proteins (g/dL)
72	5.42 ± 0.10	5.17 ± 0.05	4.97 ± 0.11	4.84 ± 0.13
96	5.31 ± 0.02	5.14 ± 0.03	4.80 ± 0.07	4.79 ± 0.19
120	5.26 ± 0.02	5.09 ± 0.03	4.02 ± 0.11∗	3.97 ± 0.14∗
Albumin (mg/dL)
72	3.11 ± 0.02	3.09 ± 0.01	3.03 ± 0.03	2.96 ± 0.01
96	3.05 ± 0.01	3.02 ± 0.03	2.83 ± 0.06	2.75 ± 0.01
120	3.09 ± 0.002	2.94 ± 0.54	2.28 ± 0.23∗	2.05 ± 0.02∗
ALT (IU/L)
72	20.80 ± 0.68	22.82 ± 0.42	23.21 ± 0.52	23.24 ± 0.80
96	21.80 ± 0.61	24.32 ± 0.30	26.23 ± 0.43∗	28.31 ± 0.19∗
120	22.70 ± 0.77	25.35 ± 0.33	27.80 ± 0.35∗	32.55 ± 0.41∗
AST (IU/L)
72	14.34 ± 0.32	15.67 ± 0.29	17.93 ± 0.44	18.07 ± 0.77
96	15.45 ± 0.30	18.02 ± 0.19	19.25 ± 0.28∗	21.16 ± 0.70∗
120	16.50 ± 0.27	18.57 ± 0.15	20.25 ± 0.13∗	22.45 ± 0.52∗
LDH (IU/L)
72	271.2 ± 3.4	273.7 ± 4.6	274.5 ± 12.6	276.3 ± 4.7
96	273.4 ± 10.2	275.3 ± 9.3	281.2 ± 12.4	294.3 ± 11.3∗
120	272.0 ± 7.3	277.1 ± 5.3	299.4 ± 8.3∗	311.2 ± 5.3∗

In each row, values (mean ± SE) bearing asterisks differ significantly (P < 0.05) from that of values in untreated (T0) fish.