Table 3.
Association of baseline plasma biomarkers (KIM-1, TNFR-1, TNFR-2, MCP-1, suPAR, YKL-40) with incident KFRT in random subcohort of 594 REGARDS participants with diabetes and eGFR<60 at baseline
| N | cases | IR (%/yr) | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) |
Model 1 HR (95% CI) |
Model 2 HR (95% CI) |
Model 3 HR (95% CI) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
| KIM-1 Continuous | |||||||||
| per two-fold higher | 594 | 98 | 2.67 | 2.24 (1.95, 2.58) | 2.01 (1.73, 2.33) | 1.92 (1.64, 2.25) | 1.51 (1.24, 1.83) | ||
| Quartiles | |||||||||
| Range (pg/ml) | Median | ||||||||
| Q1 | < 322 | 232 | 149 | <11* | 0.55 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Q2 | 322 – 522 | 400 | 148 | 11 | 1.14 | 2.07 (0.76, 5.59) | 1.82 (0.67, 4.98) | 1.98 (0.72, 5.44) | 0.84 (0.29, 2.46) |
| Q3 | 523 – 954 | 682 | 148 | 18 | 2.12 | 3.85 (1.53, 9.71) | 3.33 (1.32, 8.43) | 3.13 (1.23, 7.98) | 1.40 (0.52, 3.76) |
| Q4 | > 954 | 1611 | 149 | 63 | 8.3 | 15.21 (6.57, 35.19) | 11.20 (4.80, 26.14) | 9.94 (4.22, 23.42) | 2.78 (1.09, 7.09) |
| TNFR-1 Continuous | |||||||||
| per two-fold higher | 594 | 98 | 2.67 | 3.02 (2.52, 3.62) | 2.87 (2.34, 3.52) | 2.71 (2.17, 3.39) | 1.44 (1.03, 2.15) | ||
| Quartiles | |||||||||
| Range (pg/ml) | Median | ||||||||
| Q1 | < 1598 | 1270 | 149 | <11* | 0.57 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Q2 | 1598 – 2252 | 1918 | 148 | 10 | 1.02 | 1.90 (0.69, 5.23) | 2.00 (0.72, 5.50) | 2.00 (0.72, 5.53) | 1.18 (0.42, 3.33) |
| Q3 | 2253 – 3509 | 2813 | 149 | 23 | 2.51 | 4.72 (1.92, 11.61) | 6.15 (2.48, 15.28) | 6.39 (2.56, 15.96) | 2.38 (0.91,6.21) |
| Q4 | > 3509 | 4826 | 148 | 59 | 9.01 | 17.52 (7.52, 40.81) | 18.50 (7.87, 43.46) | 17.88 (7.41, 43.11) | 4.33 (1.61, 11.68) |
| TNFR-2 Continuous | |||||||||
| per two-fold higher | 594 | 98 | 2.67 | 6.81 (4.77, 9.72) | 5.64 (3.98, 8.00) | 5.33 (3.69, 7.69) | 1.80 (1.06, 3.03) | ||
| Quartiles | |||||||||
| Range (pg/ml) | Median | ||||||||
| Q1 | < 20563 | 16857 | 149 | <11* | 0.34 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Q2 | 20563 – 26647 | 23595 | 148 | 12 | 1.24 | 3.67 (1.18, 11.37) | 3.88 (1.24, 12.08) | 4.28 (1.36, 13.47) | 3.52 (1.11, 11.14) |
| Q3 | 26648 – 36960 | 30662 | 149 | 27 | 3.12 | 9.25 (3.24, 26.47) | 10.57 (3.66, 30.52) | 11.40 (3.91, 33.30) | 5.08 (1.70, 15.21) |
| Q4 | > 36960 | 44976 | 148 | 55 | 8.33 | 25.49 (9.21, 70.58) | 26.27 (9.44, 73.07) | 26.71 (9.37, 76.17) | 5.97 (1.88, 18.91) |
| MCP-1 Continuous | |||||||||
| per two-fold higher | 594 | 98 | 2.67 | 1.23 (0.97, 1.55) | 1.36 (1.09, 1.70) | 1.37 (1.09, 1.73) | 1.19 (0.92, 1.55) | ||
| Quartiles | |||||||||
| Range (pg/ml) | Median | ||||||||
| Q1 | < 98 | 79 | 149 | 18 | 1.89 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Q2 | 98 – 127 | 111 | 148 | 25 | 2.71 | 1.43 (0.78, 2.62) | 1.83 (0.99, 3.37) | 2.01 (1.08, 3.76) | 1.89 (0.97, 3.67) |
| Q3 | 128 – 162 | 142 | 148 | 21 | 2.19 | 1.16 (0.62, 2.18) | 1.50 (0.80, 2.83) | 1.58 (0.82, 3.02) | 1.28 (0.62, 2.65) |
| Q4 | > 162 | 197 | 149 | 34 | 4.07 | 2.15 (1.21, 3.80) | 2.75 (1.54, 4.90) | 3.00 (1.64, 5.50) | 2.49 (1.30, 4.79) |
| suPAR Continuous | |||||||||
| per two-fold higher | 594 | 98 | 2.67 | 3.38 (2.68, 4.27) | 3.23 (2.49, 4.19) | 3.39 (2.52, 4.56) | 1.42 (0.89, 2.28) | ||
| Quartiles | |||||||||
| Range (pg/ml) | Median | ||||||||
| Q1 | < 5455 | 4794 | 149 | <11* | 0.61 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Q2 | 5455 – 7112 | 6318 | 148 | 16 | 0.92 | 2.47 (1.02, 6.00) | 2.80 (1.15, 6.86) | 2.57 (1.05, 6.31) | 1.81 (0.72, 4.50) |
| Q3 | 7113 – 9416 | 8131 | 149 | 17 | 1.28 | 3.46 (1.43, 8.37) | 4.11 (1.68, 10.04) | 3.78 (1.53, 9.39) | 2.48 (0.98, 6.28) |
| Q4 | > 9416 | 11991 | 148 | 58 | 7.13 | 15.93 (7.23, 35.10) | 14.98 (6.76, 33.18) | 14.15 (6.24, 32.07) | 4.17 (1.69, 10.31) |
| YKL-40 Continuous | |||||||||
| per two-fold higher | 594 | 98 | 2.67 | 1.72 (1.36, 2.18) | 1.86 (1.47, 2.36) | 1.80 (1.40, 2.31) | 1.30 (1.00, 1.73) | ||
| Quartiles | |||||||||
| Range (pg/ml) | Median | ||||||||
| Q1 | < 67338 | 46048 | 149 | <11* | 0.92 | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| Q2 | 67338 – 114901 | 89580 | 148 | 23 | 2.6 | 2.81 (1.33, 5.99) | 3.32 (1.57, 7.02) | 2.92 (1.37, 6.27) | 1.79 (0.82, 3.91) |
| Q3 | 114902 – 198632 | 150559 | 149 | 33 | 6.61 | 3.89 (1.92, 7.91) | 5.13 (2.51, 10.64) | 4.47 (2.14, 9.37) | 1.63 (0.75, 3.56) |
| Q4 | >198632 | 239541 | 148 | 32 | 4.07 | 4.46 (2.19, 9.09) | 5.34 (2.59, 11.02) | 4.77 (2.26, 10.05) | 2.18 (1.00, 4.76) |
Abbreviations: KFRT, end-stage kidney disease; TNFR1 and TNFR2, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors 1 and 2; YKL-40, chitinase 3-like 1; MCP-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1; suPAR, soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor; KIM-1, kidney injury marker 1
Model 1 adjusted for age, race, sex, education
Model 2 adjusted for variables in Model 1 plus body mass index, systolic blood pressure, use of hypertension medications, use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, number of hypertension medications, smoking status, coronary heart disease, stroke, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein
Model 3 adjusted for variables in Model 2 plus urine albumin to creatinine ratio and estimated glomerular filtration rate.
Values for cells with ten or fewer participants are suppressed as per USRDS policy