Table 3.

Curcumin-based nano formulations and structural analogues in the treatment of colorectal cancers in preclinical studies.

S/N	Therapeutic agent	Type of study	Findings	Reference
1	Whey protein encapsulated curcumin	In-vitro	encapsulation of curcumin with whey protein at different ratios increased the intracellular bioavailability of by 12 -21% in human colon and prostrate cancer cell lines	Jayaprakasha et al. (68)
2	Orally deliverable nanotherapeutic engineered from water soluble curcumin and 7-ethyl-10-hydrocamptothecin (SN38)	In-vivo	The combinatorial therapy demonstrated remarkable tumor shrinkage in the CAC mice by inducing cell cycle arrest	Han et al. (72)
3	Curcumin diethyl diglutarate-loaded chitosan/alginate nanoparticles	In-vitro	Enhanced cellular uptake and, in-vitro digestibility and inaccessibility under stimulated gastrointestinal conditions	Sorasitthiyanukarn et al. (69)
4	hydrazinocurcumin derivative in Chitosan (CS), ZnO, Au, CS-ZnO and CS-Au-NPs	In-vitro	higher activity against HCT-116 cell lines	Kandile et al. (73)
5	Polysorbate 80-stabilized PLGA- loaded curcumin and indole-incorporated curcumin analogue	In-vitro	preserved curcumin from degradation in wide ranges of pH environments.	Sufi et al. (70)
6	Pectin and skimmed milk powder dual layered solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with soluble curcumin	In-vitro	improved that stability of curcumin and sustained its release in different gastro-intestinal environment for up to 72h	Moideen et al. (74); Mohamed et al. (71)
7	Curcumin- loaded dendrimer gold hybrid structure	In-vitro	Higher cellular cytotoxicity in comparison with free curcumin	Wong et al. (54)