Table 1.

Effects of AEEm, Fr20 and Fr40 on the formalin-induced nociception.

aGroups	Dose	1st Phase		2nd Phase
	mg/kg	bLicking time (s)	cInhibition %	bLicking time (s)	cInhibition %
Control	-	99.2 ± 5.2	–	169.9 ± 6.8	–
Morphine	10 mg	20.4 ± 2.1#∗	79.4	20.9 ± 4.5#∗	87.7
Dipyrone	50 mg	61.0 ± 7.6#	38.5	33.2 ± 7.2#	80.4
AEEm	25 mg	41.8 ± 5.9#∗	57.9	43.1 ± 8.3#	74.6
	50 mg	28.8 ± 4.9#∗	70.9	85.6 ± 8.1#	49.6
	100 mg	32.3 ± 5.0#∗	67.4	78.4 ± 7.7#	53.8
Fr20	25 mg	27.5 ± 8.8#∗	72.4	14.7 ± 5.1#∗	91.3
	50 mg	17.7 ± 11.6#∗	82.1	0.2 ± 0.4#∗§	99.9
	100 mg	7.6 ± 6.8#∗§	92.3	1.7 ± 3.5#∗§	99.0
Fr40	25 mg	18.1 ± 5.8#∗b	81.7	60.7 ± 12.3#	64.3
	50 mg	59.3 ± 11.8#	40.2	45.7 ± 17.7#	73.1
	100 mg	27.5 ± 4.4#∗b	72.3	33.2 ± 12.9#a	80.4

^#p < 0.001 vs. control (Dunnett's test); ∗p < 0.05 vs. dipyrone (Tukey's test); ^§p < 0.05 vs. morphine (Tukey's test); ^ap < 0.001 vs. Fr40 25 mg (Tukey's test); ^bp < 0.001 vs. Fr40 50 mg (Tukey's test).

^aSW mice (n = 5/group) were treated with the vehicle (control group) or different doses of AEEm, Fr20 or Fr40 (p.o.), 60 min before formalin injection. Drug control groups were treated with dipyrone (p.o.) or morphine (s.c.) 30 min before formalin injection.

^bMean of licking time ± S.D. of three independent experiment, between 0 and 5 min (1^st phase) and 15–25 min (2^nd phase) after formalin injection.

^cInhibition in relation to control group.