Table 3.
Observed of chromosomal aberrations caused by different nano amino zinc concentrations under different time treatments.
| Type of aberrations | Control | Concentration of AZ NPs and time of treatments (Mean + SEM) |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| After 8 hrs |
After 16 hrs |
After 24 hrs |
||||||||
| 50 ppm | 100 ppm | 150 ppm | 50 ppm | 100 ppm | 150 ppm | 50 ppm | 100 ppm | 150 ppm | ||
| C-etaphase | 3 ± 0.1b | 10.6 ± 0.5d | 7.33 ± 0.3e | 9 ± 0.6e | 11 ± 1.1e | 14.33 ± 1.3d | 14 ± 0.9d | 14 ± 1.8d | 18.3 ± 1.6d | 26 ± 1.5c |
| Fragments | 3 ± 0.1b | 17.6 ± 0.8c | 19 ± 1.1c | 21.6 ± 1.9c | 22.6 ± 1.2b | 14 ± 1.2 d | 25 ± 2.2a | 22 ± 2.1b | 30 ± 2.6a | 48.3 ± 2.2a |
| Bridge | 0 ± 0.0 | 0 ± 0.0i | 3 ± 0.07g | 8 ± 0.4e | 8 ± 0.7f | 8 ± 0.9e | 7.67 ± 0.3e | 3 ± 0.02 j | 7 ± 0.5ij | 9.33 ± 0.7fg |
| Uncloing | 0 ± 0.0 | 21 ± 1.2b | 25.6 ± 1.3b | 20.3 ± 1.8d | 21 ± 1.5c | 20.3 ± 1.1c | 20.6 ± 1.6c | 3 ± 0.02j | 6 ± 0.2jk | 8 ± 0.6gh |
| Stickiness | 16 ± 0.8a | 22.6 ± 1.1a | 25.3 ± 1.2b | 32 ± 2.1a | 29.3 ± 1.6a | 27 ± 2.2b | 21 ± 1.1c | 20.3 ± 2.0c | 20.6 ± 1.8c | 30.3 ± 2.1b |
| ND | 0 ± 0.0c | 1 ± 0.03h | 1.67 ± 0.03h | 6 ± 0.1f | 0 ± 0.0h | 5.67 ± 0.06f | 7 ± 0.2ef | 8 ± 0.3h | 9 ± 0.5gh | 10.3 ± 0.7f |
| DA | 0 ± 0.0c | 9 ± 0.4e | 8 ± 0.5e | 9 ± 0.5e | 7.66 ± 0.5f | 8 ± 0.4 e | 7.33 ± 0.4e | 10.6 ± 1.6e | 11.3 ± 1.2e | 16.3 ± 0.9d |
| Ring | 0 ± 0.0c | 0 ± 0.0i | 2 ± 0.06h | 3 ± 0.1gh | 0 ± 0.0h | 2 ± 0.0 j | 4 ± 0.06g | 8.33 ± 0.34gh | 8 ± 0.7hi | 10.6 ± 0.8ef |
| Multinuclei | 0 ± 0.0c | 21.3 ± 0.9b | 29.3 ± 1.2a | 25.3 ± 2.2b | 18 ± 1.2d | 29 ± 2.1a | 23 ± 2.1b | 25.6 ± 2.2a | 27 ± 2.7b | 30.6 ± 1.9b |
| Elongation | 0 ± 0.0c | 10.67 ± 0.6d | 5.33 ± 0.1f | 0 ± 0.0i | 1 ± 0.0h | 2 ± 0.0j | 1 ± 0.0hi | 4.6 ± 0.06i | 6.66 ± 0.3j | 7 ± 0.5h |
| GC | 0 ± 0.0c | 0 ± 0.0i | 3.33 ± 0.05g | 0 ± 0.0i | 1 ± 0.0h | 2 ± 0.0 j | 0 ± 0.0 i | 0 ± 0.0 k | 2 ± 0.03 l | 0 ± 0.0j |
| MPA | 0 ± 0.0c | 4.66 ± 0.2f | 8 ± 0.4e | 4 ± 0.2g | 1 ± 0.0h | 0 ± 0.0 k | 0 ± 0.0i | 4 ± 0.03i | 5.33 ± 0.1 k | 5.3 ± 0.3i |
| Erosion | 0 ± 0.0c | 9 ± 0.3e | 15.6 ± 1.2d | 2 ± 0.06h | 5 ± 0.2g | 5 ± 0.07g | 2 ± 0.05h | 9.33 ± 0.6f | 10.3 ± 0.8ef | 10.6 ± 0.8ef |
| DC | 0.33 ± .01c | 0.66 ± 0.01hi | 0.33 ± 0.0i | 0 ± 0.0i | 1 ± 0.0h | 3 ± 0.01i | 0.67 ± 0.0hi | 8.33 ± 0.3gh | 11 ± 1.1e | 12 ± 0.8e |
| LG | 0 ± 0.0c | 2.33 ± 0.1g | 0 ± 0.0i | 0 ± 0.0i | 0.66 ± 0.03h | 3.66 ± 0.03h | 5.67 ± 0.09f | 9 ± 0.5fg | 9.33 ± 0.6fg | 9.6 ± 0.8f |
| LSD | 0.79 | 0.77 | 0.95 | 1.27 | 1.20 | 0.46 | 1.37 | 0.94 | 1.04 | 1.39 |
*ND: Nucleotide Deletion; DA: Distributed Anaphase; GC: Gap Chromosome; MPA: Multi Polar Anaphase; DC: Distributed Chromosome; LG: Lagging Chromosome.