Table 4.
Summary of key eligibility and methodological issues associated with rigor that were addressed and reported in the included studies.
| Author, Year | Eligibility | Study Visits | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||||
| Objective Measurement of SB/PA (prior to) | Documentation of DM Status (via HbA1c) | Menopausal Status | Washout Period (≥7 d) | Female Hormonal Cycle | Diet Standardization | Abstention from MVPA (≥48 h) | Abstention from Alcohol/Caffeine (≥24 h) | Abstention from Tobacco/Smoking | Sex Balance (40-60%) | Objective Measurement of SB/PA (during) | ||
| Bailey et al., 201533 | - | N/A | - | - (≥6 d) | - | + (during only) | - (24 h) | + | - | - (30% female) | - | |
| Barone Gibbs et al., 2017,34 Perdomo et al., 201935 | - | N/A | - | - (5-14 d) | - | + (during only) | - (24 h) | - (24 h caffeine, 12 h alcohol) | + (12 h) | - (36% female) | + | |
| Bhammar et al., 201736 | - | N/A | + (post excluded) | - (≥72 h, avg duration 7 d) | + | + (during and before) | - | - | + (smokers excluded) | + | + | |
| Carter et al., 2018,37 201938 | - | N/A | - | - (all visits in 1 7 d period) | + | + (during only) | - (24 h) | - (overnight) | + (smokers excluded) | - (33% female) | - | |
| Champion et al., 201839 | - | N/A | - | - (≥6 d) | + | + (before and during) | + | + | + (smokers excluded) | + | + | |
| Climie et al., 201840 | - | + (excluded by HbA1c) | + (pre excluded) | - (≥6 d) | N/A | + (before and during) | + | + | + (smokers excluded) | + | - | |
| Dempsey et al., 201641 | - | + | - | - 6-14 d) | - | + (during only) | + | + | - | + | - | |
| Freire et al., 201942 | + (pedometer) | N/A | + (age <35) | + | - | + (during only) | - (24 h) | + | + (smokers excluded) | + | + | |
| Kerr et al., 201743 | - | + (HbA1c >7% excluded) | + (pre excluded) | + | N/A | + (before and during) | + | - (alcohol 48 h, caffeine not reported) | + (smokers excluded) | - (100% female) | - | |
| Kowalsky et al., 201944 | - | - | - | - (2-14 d) | + | + (during only) | - (12 h) | - (alcohol 24 h, caffeine 12 h) | + (12 h) | - (86% female) | - | |
| Kruse et al., 201845 | - | - | - (“considered” peri) | - (48 h) | + | + (morning of and during) | + (vigorous) | + | + (smokers excluded) | - (23% female) | - | |
| Larsen et al., 201446 | - | - | - | + | - | + (during only) | + | + | + (smokers excluded) | + | - | |
| Puig-Ribera et al., 201547 | - | - | - | N/A | - | - | - | - | - | - (64% female) | + (steps only) | |
| Wennberg et al., 201648 | + (Actigraph) | - | - | - (6 d) | - | + (before and during) | + | - | + (smokers excluded) | + | + (Actigraph) | |
| Wheeler et al., 2019a,49 2019b50 | - | - | + (pre excluded) | - (≥6 d) | - | + (before and during) | + | + | - | +49 - (17% female)50 | - | |
| Yates et al., 202051 | + (activPAL and Geneactiv) | - | - (age 65+) | + | - | + (before and during) | + | - (alcohol 48 h, caffeine not reported) | - | + | + (Geneactive) | |
| Zeigler et al., 201652 | + (Geneactive) | - | - | + | - | + (before and during) | - (24 h) | - | - | - (78% female) | + (activPAL and Geneactiv) | |
Note: N/A not applicable; +Criteria met and/or adequately explained; - Criteria not met or adequately explained
DM, diabetes mellitus; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; MVPA, moderate to vigorous physical activity; PA, physical activity; SB, sedentary behavior