Table 1.
Characteristics of the sample by physical activity levels and gender
| Regular exercise-No | Regular exercise- < 3/week | Regular exercise ≥ 3/week | P | |
| Female (n = 5135) | (n = 1814) | (n = 555) | (n = 2766) | |
| Age group (n, %) | 0.19 | |||
| 45–64 years old | 1440 (35.69) | 447 (11.08) | 2148 (53.23) | |
| ≥ 65 years old | 374 (34.00) | 108 (9.82) | 618 (56.18) | |
| Postmenopausal (female, n, %) | 1274 (70.23) | 380 (68.47) | 1941 (70.17) | 0.70 |
| Race/ethnicity | < .001 | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1092 (32.91) | 330 (9.95) | 1896 (57.14) | |
| Non-Hispanic AA | 534 (41.46) | 162 (12.58) | 592 (45.96) | |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 113 (32.01) | 40 (11.33) | 200 (56.66) | |
| Hispanics | 75 (42.61) | 23 (13.07) | 78 (44.32) | |
| Health behaviors (n, %) | ||||
| Calcium supplement (yes) | 589 (32.47) | 243 (43.78) | 1261 (45.59) | < .001 |
| Smoke (yes) | 771 (42.50) | 209 (37.66) | 1095 (39.59) | 0.05 |
| Alcohol drinking (yes) | 1077 (60.03) | 392 (71.40) | 1939 (70.61) | < .001 |
| Milk consumption (yes) | 1280 (70.56) | 432 (77.84) | 2066 (74.69) | < .001 |
| Sun exposure (yes) | 1227 (67.64) | 417 (75.14) | 2219 (80.22) | < .001 |
| Height (m) | 1.61 ± 0.07 | 1.62 ± 0.07 | 1.62 ± 0.06 | < .001 |
| Weight (kg) | 77.63 ± 19.46 | 73.30 ± 17.89 | 70.29 ± 17.33 | < .001 |
| Regular exercise-No | Regular exercise- < 3/week | Regular exercise- ≥ 3/week | P | |
| Male (n = 3784) | (n = 1169) | (n = 372) | (n = 2243) | |
| Age group (n, %) | 0.03 | |||
| 45–64 years old | 1019 (31.33) | 331 (10.18) | 1902 (58.49) | |
| ≥ 65 years old | 150 (28.20) | 41 (7.71) | 341 (64.10) | |
| Race/ethnicity | < .001 | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 457 (28.02) | 122 (7.48) | 1052 (64.50) | |
| Non-Hispanic AA | 618 (33.08) | 215 (11.51) | 1035 (55.41) | |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 62 (32.29) | 28 (14.58) | 102 (53.13) | |
| Hispanics | 32 (34.41) | 7 (7.53) | 54 (58.06) | |
| Healthy behaviors (n, %) | ||||
| Calcium supplement (yes) | 68 (5.82) | 42 (11.29) | 191 (8.52) | < .001 |
| Smoke (yes) | 810 (69.29) | 262 (70.43) | 1526 (68.03) | 0.56 |
| Alcohol drinking (yes) | 796 (69.46) | 258 (70.11) | 1608 (72.50) | 0.16 |
| Milk consumption (yes) | 917 (78.44) | 307 (82.53) | 1849 (82.43) | < .01 |
| Sun exposure (yes) | 967 (82.72) | 322 (86.56) | 2036 (90.77) | < .001 |
| Height (m) | 1.74 ± 0.07 | 1.74 ± 0.08 | 1.74 ± 0.07 | 0.49 |
| Weight (kg) | 84.92 ± 19.16 | 83.17 ± 19.20 | 81.92 ± 16.55 | < .001 |
Note: AA = African American; Sun exposure = at least 15 min sun exposure a day