Fig. 4.

DTP@DMF NPs alleviate the pulmonary fibrosis development. a Schematic representation of the DTP@DMF NPs treatment design. b Representative H&E and Masson’s trichrome staining and c the severity evaluation score of pulmonary fibrosis after DTP@DMF NPs treatment (n = 5). Western blot analyses of d α-SMA and e collagen Ia1 levels in pulmonary fibrosis lesions (n = 3). f The schematic representation of the experimental design of DTP@DMF NPs treatment at different phases of fibrosis development. g H&E and Masson’s trichrome staining (scale bar: 100 μm) and h the severity score of fibrosis after intratracheal instillation of DTP@DMF NPs in different phases of fibrosis (n = 5). i α-SMA and j collagen Ia1 protein levels in fibrotic tissue (n = 3). Statistical analyses were performed via one-way ANOVA with S–N-K post hoc analysis. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001