Synthetic conditions, applications, size and characterization techniques for the synthesis of AgNPs using various strains of fungi.

S. no.	Reducing fungus	Application	Optimization conditions	Characterization techniques	Shape and size	Reference
1	Arthroderma fulvum	Antifungal against Candida, Aspergillus spp., and Fusarium spp.	AgNO3 (1.5 mM) alkaline pH, reaction temperature 55 °C, and reaction time of 10 h	UV-vis, XRD, TEM	Size: (15.5 ± 2.5 nm) crystalline	146
2	Penicillium citrinum isolated from soil	Presence of amide linkage groups found in the fungal extract	Dark compartment at 28 °C, 24 h, membrane filter (0.45 fÊ)	FTIR, photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), SEM, fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-vis	Size: (109 nm), shape: spherical	147
3	Trichoderma asperellum	AgNPs formed were highly stable for 6 months	AgNO3 (1 mM), 5 days incubated at 25 °C with biomass of Trichoderma asperellum	UV-vis, FTIR, TEM, XRD, SERS	Size: (13–18 nm)	148
4	Aspergillus clavatus (AzS-275), an endophytic fungus	Antimicrobial against Candida albicans, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Escherichia coli	AgNO3 (1 mM), cell biomass: AgNO3 (1 : 9), incubated at 25 °C on a rotary shaker (150 rpm) for 72 h	UV-vis, FTIR, XRD, TEM, AFM	Size: (10 to 25 nm) extracellular, polydispersed spherical or hexagonal	149
5	Biomass of Aspergillus terreus	Antifungal and antibacterial	AgNO3 10 mM, NADH, biomass: AgNO3 solution (5 : 1), incubated for 24 h at 28 °C	XRD, TEM, UV-vis	Size: (1 to 20 nm), shape: spherical	150
6	Raphanus sativus	Antimicrobial activity	Raphanus sativus root extract, (1.0–6.0 mL) added to AgNO3 solution	DLS, TEM, EDX, XRD, FTIR, SEM	Size: (3.2 to 6 nm)	154
7	Cell-free filtrate of the fungus strain penicillium aculeatum Su1	Antimicrobial activity, drug delivery vehicle or anticancer drug for clinical treatment.	AgNO3 (10 mM)	TEM, XRD, FTIR	Size: (4 to 55 nm), FCC crystalline	155
8	Pleurotus ostreatus	Inhibitory activity against pathogenic bacteria	(1–6 mg mL−1) of aqueous extract of P. ostreatus was added to 5 mL, of 1 mM aqueous silver nitrate, kept at 28 ± 2 °C in the dark and incubated for 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36 and 40 h	SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR	Size: (<40 nm)	156
9	Candida glabrata	Antimicrobial activity against clinical strains of bacteria and fungi	AgNO3 (1 mM) supernatant (20 mL) kept at room temperature overnight	FTIR, UV-vis, TEM	Size: (2 to 15 nm)	157
10	Biomass of Trichoderma viride (fungi)	Antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria	AgNO3 (10 mM), biomass: AgNO3 (5 : 1), incubated for 24 h at 25 °C	UV-vis, TEM, SEM,	Size: (1 to 50 nm), shape: globular	158
11	Biomass of thermophilic Bacillus sp. AZ1	Antimicrobial activity against human pathogenetic bacteria	AgNO3 (1 mM)	SEM, EDX, TEM, UV-vis	Size: (7 to 31 nm), shape: spherical	161
12	Biomass of Aspergillus niger	Antimicrobial activity	AgNO3 (10 mM), biomass of fungi:AgNO3 (5 : 1), incubated for 24 h at 28 °C	UV-vis, XRD, TEM	Size: (1 to 20 nm), shape: spherical	162