Table 4.

All-cause mortality and CRC-specific mortality among patients with metastases.

Variable	All-cause mortality		Cancer-specific mortality
	Hazard ratio (95% CI)	p-Value	Hazard ratio (95% CI)	p-Value
Age at diagnosis, year
18–45	Reference		Reference
45–65	1.21 (1.11–1.33)	<0.01	1.18 (1.08–1.28)	<0.01
65–85	1.83 (1.66–2.01)	<0.01	1.62 (1.48–1.78)	<0.01
>85	3.62 (3.15–4.16)	<0.01	2.57 (2.16–3.06)	<0.01
Married status
Unmarried	Reference		Reference
Married	0.77 (0.73–0.81)	<0.01	0.80 (0.75–0.84)	<0.01
Primary tumor sites
Right colon	Reference		Reference
Left colon	0.75 (0.70–0.79)	<0.01	0.75 (0.70–0.80)	<0.01
Rectum	0.78 (0.73–0.84)	<0.01	0.79 (0.74–0.85)	<0.01
Histology
Adenocarcinoma	Reference		Reference
Others	1.07 (0.99–1.17)	0.98	1.10 (1.00–1.20)	<0.05
Grade
Well	Reference		Reference
Moderately	1.11 (0.97–1.26)	0.13	0.91 (0.97–1.25)	0.15
Poorly	1.76 (1.54–2.01)	<0.01	1.75 (1.53–2.00)	<0.01
Undifferentiated	1.85 (1.57–2.18)	<0.01	1.75 (1.47–2.08)	<0.01
Tumor size, cm
0–5	Reference		Reference
>5	1.16 (1.10–1.22)	<0.01	1.15 (1.09–1.21)	<0.01
N stage
N0	Reference		Reference
N1	1.03 (0.96–1.11)	0.44	1.03 (0.96–1.11)	0.43
N2	1.22 (1.14–1.32)	<0.01	1.24 (1.15–1.33)	<0.01
CEA
Normal	Reference		Reference
Elevated	1.51 (1.41–1.62)	<0.01	1.44 (1.34–1.54)	<0.01
Borderline	1.60 (1.07–2.40)	0.02	1.56 (1.03–2.34)	0.03
Extracranial metastatic sites to bone, lung, and liver, no.
0 site	Reference		Reference
1 site	1.17 (1.10–1.26)	<0.01	1.19 (1.11–1.29)	<0.01
2 sites	1.91 (1.74–2.09)	<0.01	1.92 (1.74–2.12)	<0.01
3 sites	3.56 (2.90–4.38)	<0.01	3.24 (2.54–4.12)	<0.01
Brain metastasis
No	Reference		Reference
Yes	2.01 (1.60–2.53)	<0.01	1.70 (1.24–2.34)	<0.01

CRC, colorectal cancer; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen.