Table 3.

Association of sociodemographic and economic factors with current smoking status (bidis and cigarettes) in the study population inclusive of two waves of GATS, from multivariate analysis

Factors	Current bidi smoking		Current cigarette smoking
	AOR (95% CI)	p	AOR (95% CI)	p
Age	1.03 (1.024–1.028)	<0.001	0.999 (0.997–1.001)	0.332
Residence
Rural	1		1
Urban	0.83 (0.78–0.88)	<0.001	1.33 (1.25–1.41)	<0.001
Gender
Female	1		1
Male	17.70 (15.92-19.69)	<0.001	39.86 (32.48-48.93)	<0.001
Education level
No formal schooling	6.91 (5.87-8.13)	<0.001	0.94 (0.83-1.06)	0.329
Primary school completed	5.51 (4.70-6.47)	<0.001	1.12 (1.00-1.24)	0.048
Secondary school completed	3.21 (2.74-3.76)	<0.001	1.22 (1.11-1.34)	<0.001
Higher secondary school completed	2.13 (1.78-2.56)	<0.001	1.14 (1.01-1.28)	0.029
College and above completed	1		1
Work status
Government employee	1		1
Non-government employee	1.15 (1.00-1.32)	0.047	0.90 (0.80-1.00)	0.049
Self-employed	1.02 (0.89-1.18)	0.733	0.81 (0.72-0.90)	0.0001
Student	0.08 (0.05-0.12)	<0.001	0.20 (0.17-0.25)	<0.001
Home maker	0.75 (0.63-0.90)	0.001	0.79 (0.64-0.98)	0.029
Retired	0.61 (0.50-0.74)	<0.001	0.53 (0.44-0.65)	<0.001
Unemployed	0.75 (0.64-0.89)	0.001	0.60 (0.50-0.72)	<0.001
Wealth quintile
Lower	1.85 (1.65-2.07)	<0.001	0.41 (0.36-0.46)	<0.001
Lower-middle	2.22 (1.99-2.48)	<0.001	0.60 (0.54-0.66)	<0.001
Middle	1.88 (1.68-2.10)	<0.001	0.77 (0.70-0.85)	<0.001
Middle-upper	1.53 (1.37-1.71)	<0.001	0.87 (0.80-0.95)	0.002
Upper	1		1
Smoking allowed in every room
No	1		1
Yes	6.02 (5.64-6.42)	<0.001	2.95 (2.76-3.15)	<0.001
Average retail price of 25 sticks of bidis	1.01 (1.00-1.02)	0.082	-
Average retail price of ten cigarettes	-		0.925 (0.92-0.93)	<0.001