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. 2021 Mar 22;118(6):1492–1505. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvab112

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Reduced gene and protein expression of Atg5 and impaired cardiac autophagy in hypertrophic and failing human hearts. (A) ATG5 expression in left ventricular tissue from non-failing, hypertrophied, moderately failing and end-stage failing human myocardium. Number of hearts per group is shown in each bar. (B) Regression analysis of ATG5 expression levels and thickness of interventricular septum (IVS) from non-failing, hypertrophied, and moderately failing human hearts (N = 23/12/6 hearts, respectively). (C) ATG5 protein expression in left ventricular tissue from non-failing, hypertrophied, and end-stage failing human ventricular tissue (N = 10/17/11 hearts, respectively). (D) Regression analysis of ATG5 protein expression levels and thickness of the interventricular septum (IVS) from non-failing and hypertrophied human hearts (N = 7/16 hearts, respectively). (E) Representative original immunoblots and, (F) expression of the autophagy-related protein markers in non-failing (NF), hypertrophied (Hyp), and end-stage failing hearts (F) (N = 6/3/5 hearts, respectively). (A–F) Data show mean ± SEM. Indicated P-values were calculated using ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test. (B) and (D) Association of Atg5 gene and ATG5 protein expression with IVS thickness was computed using Pearson correlation.