Table 4.

Hazard Ratios (95% CI) Predicting Cardiovascular Disease and Coronary Heart Disease from Continuous CAC or AAC

Cardiovascular disease (n=106 events)	HR (CI)	P value	Coronary heart disease (n=55 events)	HR (CI)	P value
Independent variable CAC, per 1 SD of ln(CAC)=1.84
ARS	1.77 (1.52‐2.06)	<0.0001	ARS	2.09 (1.69‐2.57)	<0.0001
ARS and AAC	1.54 (1.30‐1.82)	<0.0001	ARS and AAC	1.91 (1.51‐2.40)	<0.0001
ARS and RF	1.52 (1.29‐1.79)	<0.0001	ARS and RF	1.96 (1.57‐2.46)	<0.0001
ARS, RF and AAC	1.42 (1.19‐1.69)	<0.0001	ARS, RF and AAC	1.89 (1.48‐2.42)	<0.0001
Independent variable AAC, per 1 SD of ln(AAC)=2.56
ARS	1.77 (1.47‐2.12)	<0.0001	ARS	1.74 (1.35‐2.25)	<0.0001
ARS and CAC	1.45 (1.18‐1.77)	0.0003	ARS and CAC	1.27 (0.97‐1.68)	0.09
ARS and RF	1.45 (1.18‐1.77)	0.0003	ARS and RF	1.49 (1.13‐1.98)	0.005
ARS, RF and CAC	1.25 (1.01‐1.54)	0.04	ARS, RF and CAC	1.12 (0.83‐1.50)	0.46

For each of CVD and CHD, the table presents results from 6 regression models. Other than 4 models that included only CAC or only AAC, the fifth model provided HR for CAC adjusted for ARS and AAC and for AAC adjusted for ARS and CAC. The sixth model provided HR for CAC adjusted for ARS, RF and AAC and for AAC adjusted for ARS, RF and CAC. Both CAC and AAC are expressed as ln(Agatston score); this table includes 3011 participants followed from Y25 (2010–2011) through August 31, 2019.

ARS: Model adjusted for age, race, and sex. RF: Model adjusted for cigarette smoking, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication use, body mass index, total cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, cholesterol‐lowering medication, diabetes mellitus, and eGFR.

AAC indicates abdominal aorta calcification; CAC,coronary artery calcification; and HR, hazard ratio.