Table 1.
Patients With and Without SMI: Demographics, Total Cardiovascular Risk, and Individual Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors
| Patient characteristic |
Patients With SMI n=11 333 |
Patients Without SMI n=579 924 |
P value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | Mean | SD | n | % | Mean | SD | ||
| Age, y | 44.8 | 14.1 | 45.3 | 15.7 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Age, y, categorical | <0.0001 | ||||||||
| 18–34 | 3177 | 28.0 | 173 939 | 30.0 | |||||
| 35–49 | 3639 | 32.1 | 155 391 | 26.8 | |||||
| 50–64 | 3482 | 30.7 | 175 061 | 30.2 | |||||
| 65+ | 1035 | 9.1 | 75 533 | 13.0 | |||||
| Sex, female | 6550 | 57.8 | 313 345 | 54.0 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Race | <0.0001 | ||||||||
| White | 8808 | 77.7 | 446 603 | 77.0 | |||||
| Black | 1543 | 13.6 | 53 735 | 9.3 | |||||
| Asian | 335 | 3.0 | 32 621 | 5.6 | |||||
| Native American/Alaska Native | 91 | 0.8 | 1753 | 0.3 | |||||
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 16 | 0.1 | 745 | 0.1 | |||||
| Multiple | 101 | 0.9 | 2342 | 0.4 | |||||
| Other | 89 | 0.8 | 7721 | 1.3 | |||||
| Unknown | 350 | 3.1 | 34 404 | 5.9 | |||||
| Ethnicity | <0.0001 | ||||||||
| Hispanic | 309 | 2.7 | 18400 | 3.2 | |||||
| Non‐Hispanic | 9689 | 85.5 | 437 042 | 75.4 | |||||
| Unknown | 1335 | 11.8 | 124 481 | 21.5 | |||||
| Insurance type | <0.0001 | ||||||||
| Self‐pay/uninsured | 215 | 1.9 | 13 307 | 2.3 | |||||
| Medicare only | 1209 | 10.7 | 49 154 | 8.5 | |||||
| Medicaid only | 3027 | 26.7 | 68 594 | 11.8 | |||||
| Commercial only | 2552 | 22.5 | 348 319 | 60.1 | |||||
| Other only | 78 | 0.7 | 5924 | 1.0 | |||||
| Medicare+Medicaid | 1970 | 17.4 | 6593 | 1.1 | |||||
| Medicare+Commercial | 345 | 3.0 | 17 774 | 3.1 | |||||
| ≥2 insurances | 1937 | 17.1 | 70 259 | 12.1 | |||||
| 10‐year ASCVD risk* | 8.0 | 8.4 | 7.9 | 8.4 | 0.58 | ||||
| 10‐year ASCVD risk, categorical* | <0.0001 | ||||||||
| <5% | 2503 | 48.0 | 120 890 | 49.8 | |||||
| 5%–9.9% | 1292 | 24.8 | 53 506 | 22.1 | |||||
| 10%–14.9% | 647 | 12.4 | 29 253 | 12.1 | |||||
| 15%–19.9% | 322 | 6.2 | 17 040 | 7.0 | |||||
| ≥20% | 454 | 8.7 | 22 002 | 9.1 | |||||
| 30‐year lifetime risk † | <0.0001 | ||||||||
| All optimal risk factors | 612 | 9.8 | 30 840 | 14.2 | |||||
| ≥1 not optimal risk factors | 894 | 14.4 | 54 465 | 25.1 | |||||
| ≥1 elevated risk factors | 231 | 3.7 | 19 393 | 8.9 | |||||
| 1 major risk factor | 2844 | 45.8 | 85 887 | 39.6 | |||||
| ≥2 major risk factors | 1636 | 26.3 | 26 536 | 12.2 | |||||
| CHD | 337 | 3.0 | 15 114 | 2.6 | 0.0152 | ||||
| CVD | 520 | 4.6 | 21 164 | 3.7 | <0.0001 | ||||
| BP | |||||||||
| Hypertension | 1684 | 14.9 | 76 314 | 13.2 | <0.0001 | ||||
| High BP at visit (≥140/90 mm Hg) | 1889 | 16.7 | 101 489 | 17.5 | 0.0213 | ||||
| SBP | 121.4 | 16.4 | 123.6 | 16.7 | <0.0001 | ||||
| DBP | 77.1 | 11.5 | 76.7 | 11.3 | 0.0017 | ||||
| Cholesterol | |||||||||
| Total cholesterol | 183.0 | 42.1 | 188.1 | 39.1 | <0.0001 | ||||
| LDL (statin only) | 94.2 | 36.7 | 98.9 | 35.0 | <0.0001 | ||||
| LDL (nonstatin only) | 109.5 | 32.4 | 115.6 | 31.6 | <0.0001 | ||||
| HDL | 48.3 | 15.8 | 52.3 | 16.5 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Triglycerides | 153.3 | 118.2 | 128.0 | 93.2 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Statin use | 2478 | 21.9 | 91 532 | 15.8 | <0.0001 | ||||
| Glucose | |||||||||
| Diabetes | 1553 | 13.7 | 37805 | 6.5 | <0.0001 | ||||
| A1c (Diabetes only)c | 7.3 | 1.8 | 7.4 | 1.6 | 0.0019 | ||||
| A1c (non DM only) § | 5.6 | 0.8 | 5.7 | 0.7 | 0.0022 | ||||
| A1c (DM only), categorical ‡ | <0.0001 | ||||||||
| <7.0 | 803 | 54.6 | 17 325 | 47.9 | |||||
| 7.0–7.9 | 319 | 21.7 | 9379 | 30.0 | |||||
| 8.0–8.9 | 126 | 8.6 | 4125 | 11.4 | |||||
| ≥9 | 222 | 15.1 | 5031 | 13.9 | |||||
| Weight | |||||||||
| BMI | 31.1 | 7.8 | 28.8 | 6.7 | <0.0001 | ||||
| BMI, categorical | <0.0001 | ||||||||
| <18.5, underweight | 117 | 1.2 | 6354 | 1.3 | |||||
| 18.5–24.9, normal | 2075 | 21.1 | 146 034 | 30.0 | |||||
| 25–29.9, overweight | 2779 | 28.2 | 161 544 | 33.2 | |||||
| 30–34.9, obese I | 2282 | 23.2 | 96479 | 19.8 | |||||
| 35–39.9, obese II | 1378 | 14.0 | 45 042 | 9.3 | |||||
| ≥40, obese III | 1227 | 12.5 | 31 720 | 6.5 | |||||
| Smoking status | <0.0001 | ||||||||
| Current smoker | 4099 | 36.2 | 70 375 | 12.1 | |||||
| Former smoker | 3065 | 27.0 | 123 316 | 21.3 | |||||
| Nonsmoker | 4169 | 36.8 | 386 174 | 66.6 | |||||
| Appropriate aspirin use || | 295 | 87.5 | 13 699 | 90.6 | 0.05 | ||||
A1c indicates glycosylated hemoglobin; ASCVD, 10‐year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CHD, coronary heart disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; SMI, serious mental illness; and SBP, systolic blood pressure.
ASCVD risk is calculated only for patients aged 40–75 years without known CVD (n=247 909).
Thirty‐year lifetime risk of CVD is calculated only for patients aged 18–59 years without known CVD (n=233 308).
Calculated for patients with diabetes who have available A1c tests within the past 5 years (n=37 600).
Calculated for patients without diabetes who have available A1c tests within the past 5 years (n=33 055).
Aspirin use was calculated only for individuals with known CHD (n=15 451).