Table 2.
Patients With and Without SMI: Adjusted Estimates of Total Cardiovascular Risk and Individual Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors
| Cardiovascular risk |
Patients With SMI n=11 333 |
Patients Without SMI n=579 924 |
P value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | PP | 95% CI | Mean | PP | 95% CI | ||||
| LL | UL | LL | UL | ||||||
| 10‐year ASCVD risk* | 8.31 | 8.15 | 8.46 | 7.92 | 7.90 | 7.95 | <0.0001 | ||
| 10‐year ASCVD risk*, categorical | <0.0001 | ||||||||
| <5% | 39.6 | 38.1 | 41.1 | 49.3 | 49.0 | 49.6 | |||
| 5%–9.9% | 45.9 | 44.4 | 47.4 | 40.5 | 40.2 | 40.8 | |||
| 10%–14.9% | 10.8 | 10.0 | 11.6 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 7.9 | |||
| 15%–19.9% | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | |||
| ≥20% | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | |||
| 30‐year lifetime risk † | <0.0001 | ||||||||
| All optimal risk factors | 6.9 | 6.6 | 7.2 | 12.4 | 12.3 | 12.6 | |||
| ≥1 not optimal risk factors | 17.7 | 17.3 | 18.0 | 26.0 | 25.8 | 26.1 | |||
| ≥ 1 elevated risk factors | 8.0 | 7.1 | 8.9 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 9.9 | |||
| 1 major risk factor | 48.6 | 47.6 | 49.7 | 41.2 | 41.0 | 41.4 | |||
| ≥2 major risk factors | 18.8 | 18.1 | 19.6 | 10.8 | 10.7 | 10.9 | |||
| CHD | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.004 | ||
| CVD | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.2 | <0.0001 | ||
| Blood pressure | |||||||||
| Hypertension | 10.0 | 9.4 | 10.4 | 8.1 | 8.0 | 8.1 | <0.0001 | ||
| High BP at visit (≥140/90 mm Hg) | 16.1 | 15.4 | 16.8 | 16.0 | 15.9 | 16.1 | 0.73 | ||
| SBP | 122.2 | 121.9 | 122.5 | 123.6 | 123.6 | 123.6 | <0.0001 | ||
| DBP | 77.8 | 77.6 | 78.0 | 76.7 | 76.7 | 76.7 | <0.0001 | ||
| Cholesterol | |||||||||
| Total cholesterol | 188.8 | 188.0 | 189.7 | 188.8 | 188.7 | 189.0 | 0.98 | ||
| LDL (statin only) | 92.3 | 90.9 | 93.8 | 99.0 | 98.7 | 99.2 | <0.0001 | ||
| LDL (nonstatin only) | 114.7 | 113.9 | 115.5 | 115.8 | 115.7 | 116.0 | 0.007 | ||
| HDL | 49.5 | 49.1 | 49.8 | 52.0 | 51.9 | 52.0 | <0.0001 | ||
| Triglycerides | 151.8 | 149.7 | 153.9 | 129.0 | 128.7 | 129.4 | <0.0001 | ||
| Statin use | 12.8 | 12.3 | 13.5 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 7.5 | <0.0001 | ||
| Glucose | |||||||||
| Diabetes | 7.6% | 7.2% | 8.0% | 3.7% | 3.6% | 3.7% | <0.0001 | ||
| A1c (diabetes only) ‡ | 7.14 | 7.05 | 7.22 | 7.41 | 7.39 | 7.42 | <0.0001 | ||
| A1c (non‐diabetes only) § | 5.52 | 5.50 | 5.55 | 5.58 | 5.57 | 5.58 | <0.0001 | ||
| A1c (diabetes only), categorical ‡ | <0.0001 | ||||||||
| <7.0 | 55.4 | 52.9 | 57.9 | 48.3 | 47.8 | 48.8 | |||
| 7.0–7.9 | 24.3 | 21.8 | 26.8 | 26.4 | 25.9 | 26.9 | |||
| 8.0–8.9 | 9.6 | 7.9 | 11.2 | 11.5 | 11.1 | 12.0 | |||
| ≥9 | 10.7 | 9.7 | 11.7 | 13.8 | 13.4 | 14.1 | |||
| Weight | |||||||||
| BMI | 30.8 | 30.6 | 30.9 | 28.8 | 28.8 | 28.9 | <0.0001 | ||
| BMI, categorical | <0.0001 | ||||||||
| <18.5, underweight | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | |||
| 18.5–24.9, normal | 19.3 | 19.2 | 19.3 | 29.8 | 29.6 | 29.9 | |||
| 25–29.9, overweight | 31.4 | 30.8 | 31.9 | 34.5 | 34.4 | 34.7 | |||
| 30–34.9, obese I | 24.8 | 23.9 | 25.6 | 19.6 | 19.5 | 19.8 | |||
| 35–39.9, obese II | 13.5 | 12.8 | 14.1 | 8.8 | 8.7 | 8.9 | |||
| ≥40, obese III | 10.5 | 10.1 | 10.8 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 6.2 | |||
| Smoking status | <0.0001 | ||||||||
| Current smoker | 27.6 | 26.8 | 28.4 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.7 | |||
| Former smoker | 27.9 | 27.0 | 28.8 | 19.7 | 19.6 | 19.8 | |||
| Nonsmoker | 44.5 | 43.5 | 45.5 | 68.7 | 68.5 | 68.8 | |||
| Appropriate aspirin use || | 90.4 | 87.2 | 93.0 | 91.1 | 90.6 | 91.5 | 0.69 | ||
Models adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, and insurance coverage. A1c indicates glycosylated hemoglobin; ASCVD, 10‐year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk; BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; LL, lower 95% confidence limit; PP, predicted probability (proportion); SBP, systolic blood pressure; SMI, serious mental illness; and UL, upper 95% confidence limit.
ASCVD risk is calculated only for patients aged 40–75 years without known CVD (n=247 909).
Thirty‐year lifetime risk of CVD is calculated only for patients aged 18–59 without known CVD (n=233 308).
Calculated for patients with DM who have available A1c tests within the past 5 years (n=37 600).
Calculated for patients without DM who have available A1c tests within the past 5 years (n=33 055).
Aspirin use was calculated only for individuals with known CHD (n=15 451).