Table 4.

Univariable Predictors of the Need for PVR (N=119/292 Patients) During Follow‐Up

Parameter	HR	95% CI	P value
Diagnosis (TOF/PA vs TOF)	0.75	0.40–1.39	0.36
Age at CMR (y)	0.98	0.96–1.01	0.17
Age at corrective surgery (y)	0.96	0.91–1.02	0.16
Type of repair (TAP vs no TAP)	0.61	0.41–0.89	0.01*
Time from repair (y)	0.99	0.96–1.02	0.40
Initial palliation (yes/no)	1.58	1.03–2.43	0.04*
Previous PVR (yes/no)	1.09	0.72–1.66	0.69
NYHA class >I (yes/no)	1.74	1.20–2.51	0.003*
QRS (ms)	1.01	1.00–1.02	0.01*
Peak VO2 at VAT, mL/min per kg	0.98	0.96–1.01	0.18
Peak VO2, mL/min per kg	0.98	0.96–1.00	0.08
Peak heart rate (/min)	0.99	0.98–1.00	0.02*
RVOT gradient, mm Hg	1.02	1.01–1.03	0.002*
Tricuspid valve regurgitation>moderate (yes/no)	1.31	0.70–2.46	0.41
RVEDVi, mL/m2	1.01	1.00–1.03	<0.001*
RVESVi, mL/m2	1.03	1.02–1.03	<0.001*
RVSVI, mL/m2	1.02	1.01–1.04	<0.001*
RVEF, %	0.96	0.95–0.98	<0.001*
PR, %	1.04	1.03–1.05	<0.001*
RV mass, g/m2	1.02	1.01–1.04	<0.001*
RV mass/volume ratio	0.46	0.08–2.79	0.40
LVEDVi, mL/m2	1.00	0.99–1.01	0.86
LVESVi, mL/m2	1.01	1.00–1.02	0.09
LVSVI, mL/m2	0.98	0.96–1.00	0.06
LVEF, %	0.98	0.96–1.00	0.02*
LV mass, g/m2	1.00	0.98–1.01	0.68
LV mass/volume ratio	0.70	0.22–2.17	0.53

CMR indicates cardiovascular magnetic resonance; HR, hazard ratio; LV, left ventricular; LVEDVi, indexed left ventricular end‐diastolic volume; LVEF, LV ejection fraction; LVESVi, indexed left ventricular end‐systolic volume; LVSVi, indexed left ventricular stroke volume; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PA, pulmonary atresia; PR, pulmonary regurgitation; PVR, pulmonary valve replacement; RV, right ventricular; RVEDVi, indexed right ventricular end‐diastolic volume; RVESVi, indexed right ventricular end‐systolic volume; RVSVi, indexed right ventricular stroke volume; RVEF, RV ejection fraction; RVOT, RV outflow tract; TAP, transannular patch; TOF, tetralogy of Fallot; VAT, ventilator anaerobic threshold; and VO₂, oxygen uptake.

^*indicates statistical significance (P<0.05).