Table 2.
Angiographic Characteristics and Medication at Discharge According to Vasodilator Use
| Unadjusted data (n=1895) | Matched data (n=686) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Vasodilator (n=1536) |
No vasodilator (n=359) |
P value | SMD |
Vasodilator (n=343) |
No vasodilator (n=343) |
P value | SMD | |
| Fixed stenosis | 535 (34.8) | 136 (37.9) | 0.276 | −0.064 | 119 (34.7) | 129 (37.6) | 0.427 | −0.060 |
| Left main | 17 (1.1) | 3 (0.8) | 0.651 | 0.031 | 4 (1.2) | 1 (0.3) | 0.178 | 0.104 |
| LAD or diagonal | 368 (24.0) | 100 (27.9) | 0.123 | −0.089 | 91 (26.5) | 96 (28.0) | 0.668 | −0.034 |
| LCX or OM | 157 (10.2) | 37 (10.3) | 0.962 | −0.003 | 29 (8.5) | 36 (10.5) | 0.361 | −0.068 |
| RCA | 272 (17.7) | 61 (17.0) | 0.748 | 0.018 | 55 (16.0) | 58 (16.9) | 0.757 | −0.024 |
| Significant stenosis* | 59 (3.8) | 20 (5.6) | 0.140 | −0.085 | 18 (5.2) | 15 (4.4) | 0.592 | 0.037 |
| LAD or diagonal | 36 (2.3) | 13 (3.6) | 0.170 | −0.077 | 12 (3.5) | 11 (3.2) | 0.832 | 0.017 |
| LCX or OM | 13 (0.8) | 2 (0.6) | 0.578 | 0.024 | 2 (0.6) | 2 (0.6) | 1.000 | 0 |
| RCA | 16 (1.0) | 7 (1.9) | 0.157 | −0.075 | 5 (1.5) | 4 (1.2) | 0.737 | 0.026 |
| Other finding | ||||||||
| Myocardial bridge | 110 (7.2) | 13 (3.6) | 0.014 | 0.160 | 20 (5.8) | 13 (3.8) | 0.212 | 0.094 |
| Slow flow | 86 (5.6) | 12 (3.3) | 0.082 | 0.112 | 7 (2.0) | 12 (3.5) | 0.245 | −0.092 |
| Spasm provocation test | ||||||||
| Spasm positive arteries | ||||||||
| Left main | 17 (1.1) | 1 (0.3) | 0.145 | 0.096 | 4 (1.2) | 1 (0.3) | 0.178 | 0.104 |
| LAD or diagonal | 759 (49.4) | 178 (49.6) | 0.954 | −0.004 | 182 (53.1) | 166 (48.4) | 0.222 | 0.094 |
| LCX or OM | 346 (22.5) | 101 (28.1) | 0.024 | −0.129 | 78 (22.7) | 93 (27.1) | 0.186 | −0.102 |
| RCA | 773 (50.3) | 192 (53.5) | 0.281 | −0.064 | 167 (48.7) | 179 (52.2) | 0.359 | −0.070 |
| Multivessel spasm | 362 (23.6) | 103 (28.7) | 0.042 | −0.116 | 86 (25.1) | 92 (26.8) | 0.601 | −0.039 |
| Spontaneous spasm | 227 (14.8) | 49 (13.6) | 0.585 | 0.034 | 55 (16.0) | 48 (14.0) | 0.454 | 0.056 |
| Diffuse spasm | 951 (61.9) | 234 (65.2) | 0.250 | −0.069 | 207 (60.3) | 219 (63.8) | 0.345 | −0.072 |
| Focal spasm | 596 (38.8) | 134 (37.3) | 0.605 | 0.031 | 140 (40.8) | 127 (37.0) | 0.309 | 0.078 |
| Mixed spasm | 129 (8.4) | 41 (11.4) | 0.071 | −0.101 | 36 (10.5) | 35 (10.2) | 0.900 | 0.010 |
| Spasm on fixed stenosis | 340 (22.1) | 77 (21.4) | 0.777 | 0.017 | 76 (22.2) | 72 (21.0) | 0.710 | 0.029 |
| Chest pain during spasm | 934 (60.8) | 207 (57.7) | 0.273 | 0.063 | 200 (58.3) | 199 (58.0) | 0.938 | 0.006 |
| Result of provocation test | 0.448 | 0.043 | 0.388 | 0.066 | ||||
| Definite positive | 598 (38.9) | 132 (36.8) | 137 (39.9) | 126 (36.7) | ||||
| Intermediate positive | 938 (61.1) | 227 (63.2) | 206 (60.1) | 217 (63.3) | ||||
| ECG change | ||||||||
| ST‐segment–elevation | 128 (8.3) | 29 (8.1) | 0.874 | 0.007 | 30 (8.7) | 28 (8.2) | 0.784 | 0.018 |
| ST‐segment depression | 65 (4.2) | 16 (4.5) | 0.849 | −0.015 | 13 (3.8) | 14 (4.1) | 0.844 | −0.015 |
| T‐wave inversion | 77 (5.0) | 15 (4.2) | 0.508 | 0.038 | 18 (5.2) | 15 (4.4) | 0.592 | 0.037 |
| Medication at discharge | ||||||||
| Calcium‐channel blocker | 1404 (91.4) | 301 (83.8) | <0.001 | 0.232 | 297 (86.6) | 293 (85.4) | 0.660 | 0.035 |
| Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin II receptor blocker | 271 (17.6) | 68 (18.9) | 0.563 | −0.034 | 51 (14.9) | 64 (18.7) | 0.184 | −0.102 |
| Antiplatelet | 715 (46.5) | 166 (46.2) | 0.916 | 0.006 | 153 (44.6) | 156 (45.5) | 0.818 | −0.018 |
| Statin | 755 (49.2) | 161 (44.8) | 0.142 | 0.088 | 150 (43.7) | 155 (45.2) | 0.701 | −0.030 |
| Beta blocker | 100 (6.5) | 21 (5.8) | 0.645 | −0.029 | 21 (6.1) | 19 (5.5) | 0.745 | 0.026 |
| Alpha blocker | 17 (1.1) | 5 (1.4) | 0.649 | −0.027 | 4 (1.2) | 5 (1.5) | 0.737 | −0.026 |
Values are expressed as mean (SD) or n (%). LAD indicates left anterior descending artery; LCX, left circumflex artery; OM, obtuse marginal; RCA, right coronary artery; and SMD, standardized mean difference.
*
There was no significantly fixed coronary artery stenosis in left main.