Table 2.
Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Between Hispanic and Non‐Hispanic White Adults in the United States Stratified by Age Groups, 1999 to 2018
| Hispanic adults | Non‐Hispanic White adults | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age‐adjusted mortality rate (95% CI) | AAPC (95% CI) | Age‐adjusted mortality rate (95% CI) | AAPC (95% CI) | Test for parallelism | |||||
| 1999 | 2011 | 2018 | (1999–2018) | 1999 | 2011 | 2018 | (1999–2018) | P value | |
| Total cardiovascular disease | |||||||||
| <45 y | 7.8 (7.5–8.2) | 6.5 (6.2–6.8) | 6.7 (6.4–7.0) | −0.62 (−1.22 to −0.01) | 10.7 (10.6–10.9) | 10.1 (9.9–10.3) | 9.5 (9.3–9.7) | −0.47 (−0.88 to −0.06) | 0.01 |
| 45–64 y | 144.2 (140.7–147.8) | 98.0 (96.0–100.1) | 96.4 (94.7–98.2) | −2.07 (−2.30 to −1.84) | 173.3 (172.1–174.5) | 133.5 (132.6–134.4) | 136.2 (135.2–137.1) | −1.28 (−1.47 to −1.10) | <0.001 |
| ≥65 y | 1824.7 (1801.9–1847.5) | 1111.7 (1099.0–1124.4) | 1036.0 (1026.0–1046.0) | −2.95 (−3.36 to −2.53) | 2193.7 (2188.4–2199.0) | 1386.9 (1383.0–1390.8) | 1305.4 (1301.8–1308.9) | −2.65 (−3.04 to −2.27) | <0.001 |
| Ischemic heart disease | |||||||||
| <45 y | 2.2 (2.0–2.4) | 1.8 (1.6–1.9) | 1.8 (1.7–1.9) | −0.80 (−1.78 to 0.18) | 4.9 (4.8–5.0) | 4.2 (4.1–4.3) | 3.3 (3.2–3.5) | −1.85 (−2.19 to −1.51) | 0.02 |
| 45–64 y | 86.3 (83.5–89.0) | 49.8 (48.3–51.3) | 46.0 (44.8–47.2) | −3.23 (−3.55 to −2.90) | 117.1 (116.1–118.1) | 80.4 (79.7–81.1) | 75.3 (74.6–76.0) | −2.29 (−2.44 to −2.15) | <0.001 |
| ≥65 y | 1120.1 (1102.2–1138.0) | 569.2 (560.1–578.3) | 456.7 (450.0–463.3) | −5.02 (−5.33 to −4.71) | 1306.4 (1302.2–1310.5) | 716 (713.2–718.8) | 590.3 (587.9–592.7) | −4.36 (−4.66 to −4.06) | <0.001 |
| Heart failure | |||||||||
| <45 y | 0.1 (0.1–0.3) | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) | 3.55 (1.59–5.55) | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) | 0.3 (0.2–0.4) | 2.16 (0.36–3.98) | 0.01 |
| 45–64 y | 2.7 (2.2–3.2) | 2.7 (2.4–3.1) | 3.7 (3.3–4.0) | 1.88 (0.49–3.28) | 4.2 (4.0–4.4) | 4.0 (3.8–4.1) | 6.0 (5.8–6.1) | 1.54 (0.91–2.18) | <0.001 |
| ≥65 y | 82.6 (77.6–87.5) | 74.0 (70.7–77.3) | 86.0 (83.1–88.9) | 0.33 (−0.43 to 1.09) | 154.6 (153.2–156.0) | 130.4 (129.2–131.6) | 160.0 (158.8–161.3) | 0.25 (−0.33 to 0.84) | 0.24 |
| Hypertensive heart disease | |||||||||
| <45 y | 0.4 (0.3–0.5) | 0.5 (0.4–0.6) | 0.8 (0.7–0.9) | 2.79 (1.90–3.69) | 0.4 (0.3–0.5) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 5.06 (4.18–5.95) | <0.001 |
| 45–64 y | 5.5 (4.8–6.2) | 7.1 (6.5–7.6) | 7.8 (7.3–8.3) | 2.07 (0.70–3.46) | 4.9 (4.7–5.1) | 9.2 (9.0–9.5) | 12.2 (11.9–12.5) | 5.18 (4.60–5.76) | <0.001 |
| ≥65 y | 43.3 (39.8–46.9) | 46.4 (43.8–49.0) | 59.3 (56.9–61.7) | 1.81 (0.17–3.47) | 43.3 (42.5–44.0) | 46.5 (45.8–47.2) | 68.5 (67.7–69.3) | 2.46 (1.71–3.22) | <0.001 |
| Stroke | |||||||||
| <45 y | 1.7 (1.6–1.9) | 1.4 (1.2–1.5) | 1.3 (1.2–1.5) | −1.32 (−1.71 to −0.93) | 1.5 (1.4–1.6) | 1.2 (1.1–1.3) | 1.2 (1.1–1.3) | −1.43 (−1.86 to −1.00) | 0.04 |
| 45–64 y | 24.3 (22.9–25.8) | 18.0 (17.1–18.9) | 16.8 (16.0–17.5) | –2.02 (−3.06 to −0.97) | 19.9 (19.5–20.3) | 15.7 (15.4–16.0) | 16.3 (16.0–16.7) | −1.08 (−1.38 to −0.77) | <0.001 |
| ≥65 y | 316.9 (307.4–326.4) | 204.3 (198.9–209.8) | 216.9 (212.3–221.5) | −2.04 (−2.43 to −1.66) | 430.3 (427.9–432.7) | 256.5 (254.8–258.2) | 248.9 (247.3–250.4) | −2.82 (−3.47 to −2.16) | <0.001 |
| Other cardiovascular diseases | |||||||||
| <45 y | 0.4 (0.3–0.5) | 0.3 (0.2–0.4) | 0.4 (03–0.5) | 0.48 (−5.47 to 6.81) | 3.7 (3.6–3.8) | 3.6 (3.4–3.7) | 3.6 (3.5–3.7) | −0.08 (−0.32 to 0.16) | 0.25 |
| 45–64 y | 3.9 (3.3–4.5) | 4.1 (3.7–4.5) | 5.1 (4.7–5.5) | 1.78 (0.00–3.60) | 27.1 (26.6–27.6) | 24.1 (23.7–24.5) | 26.5 (26.1–26.9) | −0.11 (−0.47 to 0.26) | 0.07 |
| ≥65 y | 43.9 (40.4–47.4) | 52.2 (49.4–55.0) | 59.1 (56.8–61.5) | 1.18 (0.79–1.57) | 259.2 (257.3–261.0) | 237.7 (236.0–239.3) | 237.6 (236.1–239.2) | −0.46 (−1.22 to 0.32) | 0.01 |
AAPC indicates average annual percent change.