EC and TDS of the reaction^a.

Dye solution	Conductivity μS	TDS mg L−1	Literature value33
Original dye solution	106.6	63.6	5970–7460 (μS cm−1) or 5.9–7.5 (dS m−1) 4000–5000 (mg L−1 or ppm)
After adding KMnO4	125.4	75.3
After adding H2SO4	126.3	75.9
After adding TiO2	127.3	76.4
After complete de-coloration	5660	3390
With all additives	5780	4000

^aCongo red = 1 × 10⁻⁴ M, KMnO₄ = 1 × 10⁻⁴ M, H₂SO₄ = 0.02 M, TiO₂ = 0.1 g/50 mL, temperature = 298 K, and distilled water conductivity = 18.31 μS.