Table 3. Summarized statistics of oxygen desaturation and Heart rate in included studies during painful procedures.
| Study | Sucrose+NNS | NNS | sucrose | Routine care | p-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | N | Mean (SD) | N | Mean (SD) | N | Mean (SD) | N | ||
| oxygen saturation | |||||||||
| Asmerom, 2013 [46] | 96.4(0.6) | 44 | 95.8(0.6) | 45 | - | - | - | - | <0.0001 |
| Gao, 2018 [44] | 95.2(1.6) | 22 | 92.9(2.4) | 22 | 93.5(1.7) | 21 | 92.9(2.1) | 21 | <0.05 |
| Miller, 2009 [34] | 97.69(2.41) | 14 | - | - | - | - | 94.30(3.74) | 14 | <0.001 |
| Heart rate | |||||||||
| Asmerom, 2013 [46] | 170.5(14.7) | 44 | 164.9(14.6) | 45 | - | - | - | - | 0.07 |
| Gao, 2018 [44] | 138.6(7.9) | 22 | 154.2(9.0) | 22 | 151.6(9.6) | 21 | 156.8(7.2) | 21 | <0.0001 |
| Miller, 2009 [34] | 135.64(7.71) | 14 | - | - | - | - | 150.64(7.53) | 14 | <0.001 |
NNS: nonnutritive sucking; SD: Standard deviation.