Figure 4. Perceptual and action-oriented memory representations generalize from signals associated with perceptual input and physical button-press responses, respectively.

(A) Decoding accuracy of spatial memory position when training on data from an independent sensory localizer (see Methods, Task: Spatial localizer, and Methods, Analysis: Spatial position decoding for details on this task and on decoding procedure). (B) Decoding accuracy of action-oriented memory codes (i.e. the finger associated with the correct motor action on each trial) when training on data from an independent button pressing task (see Methods, Task: Sensorimotor cortex localizer and Methods, Analysis: Action decoding for details on this task and on decoding procedure). In both panels, error bars reflect ±1 SEM across participants, and light gray lines indicate individual participants. Dots above bars and pairs of bars indicate the statistical significance of decoding accuracy within each condition, and of condition differences, respectively, both evaluated using non-parametric statistics. Dot sizes reflect significance level. Inserts show a cartoon of the localizer tasks used to train the decoder for these analyses.