Table 12.

Hepatocyte protection activity of components from A. pilosa.

A. pilosa extract	Experimental model	Test dose range	Contrast	Route of administration	Pharmacological action	Mechanism of action	References
Agrimonolide	Tacrine-induced human liver-derived hep G2 cells	1–100 μM EC50 = 88.2 ± 2.8 μM	Silybin	NS	Hepatocyte protection effects	NS	[5]
Agrimonolide	Tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced rat primary hepatocytes	1–100 μM EC50 = 37.7 ± 1.6 μM	Silybin	NS	Hepatocyte protection effects	NS	[5]
Agrimonolide	H2O2 induced HepG2 cells	50, 100, 200 μM	Negative control	NS	Oxidative stress reducing and hepatocyte protection effects	Inducing heme oxygenase-1 and Nrf2 expression and inhibiting Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 expression	[73]
Desmethylagrimonolide	H2O2 induced HepG2 cells	50, 100, 200 μM	Negative control	NS	Oxidative stress reducing and hepatocyte protection effects	Inducing heme oxygenase-1 and Nrf2 expression and inhibiting Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 expression	[73]