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. 2022 May 7;46(4):678–703. doi: 10.1007/s12197-022-09580-0

Table 6.

Estimates of d based on autocorrelated errors—conventional indices

Series No deterministic terms An intercept An intercept and a liner time trend
USA

-0.039

(-0.090, 0.004)

-0.042

(-0.091, 0.004)

-0.048

(-0.091, 0.004)

UK

-0.075

(-0.110, -0.041)

-0.075

(-0.109, -0.041)

-0.076

(-0.112, -0.042)

CHINA

-0.028

(-0.059, -0.001)

-0.028

(-0059, -0.001)

-0.027

(-0061, -0.001)

INDIA

-0.006

(-0.031, 0.036)

-0.006

(-0.031, 0.036)

-0.005

(-0.031, 0.035)

JAPAN

-0.059

(-0.101, -0.024)

-0.059

(-0.100, -0.024)

-0.062

(-0.101, -0.023)

SOUTH AFRICA

-0.099

(-0.131, -0.058)

-0.099

(-0.131, -0.058)

-0.099

(-0.131, -0.058)

WORLD

-0.056

(-0.074, -0.018)

-0.056

(-0.080, -0.018)

-0.059

(-0.080, -0.021)

EMERGING MKTS

-0.009

(-0.041, 0.036)

-0.009

(-0.042, 0.035)

-0.009

(-0.042, 0.037)

EAFE

-0.057

(-0.081, -0.018)

-0.057

(-0.081, -0.018)

-0.059

(-0.082, -0.019)

EUROPE

-0.048

(-0.093, -0.024)

-0.048

(-0.093, -0.024)

-0.056

(-0.093, -0.013)

PACIFIC

-0.036

(-0.075, -0.004)

-0.036

(-0.075, -0.004)

-0.038

(-0.075, -0.005)

BRICS

-0.028

(-0.054, 0.016)

-0.028

(-0.054, 0.016)

-0.029

(-0.054, 0.016)

The values in bold are those from the specification selected on the basis of the statistical significance of the deterministic terms; in brackets the corresponding confidence intervals.