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. 2022 May 6;5:426. doi: 10.1038/s42003-022-03378-w

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a Error rate. Boxplots and distributions for overall error rate given separately for transition modes (in-phase, anti-phase) and age groups (blue: older, yellow: young). b Transition Latency. Color coding as in (a). c Effect of practice, i.e., number of trials (depicted as centered variable), are given for failed transitions, fully correct transitions, and cumulative error rate (from left to right), and transition latency (failed transitions excluded). Brown indicates transitions into in-phase mode, light pink depicting transitions into anti-phase. Frames around graphs indicate relevant modulation of the outcome over the number of trials, i.e., for failed transitions, cumulative error rate, and transition latency. Only in the case of failed transitions, older showed a significantly different modulation over time for transitions into anti-phase compared to the young with initially higher rate of trials with 100% error rate. Cumulative error rate showed a comparable increase across trials while transition latency decreased comparably in the two age groups and for both transition modes. d For both groups and transitions modes (into in-phase, into anti-phase), the relationship between speed and precision of transitions (excluding failed transitions) is non-linear as shown by locally weighted smoothing fitted over subgroups. Boxplots show lower/upper whiskers represent smallest/largest observation greater than or equal to lower hinge ± 1.5 * inter-quartile range (IQR), lower/upper hinge reflects 25%/75% quantile, the lower edge of notch = median − 1.58 * IQR/ sqrt(n), middle of notch reflects group median. Behavioral data analysis included N = 22 older and N = 21 young participants.