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. 2022 Apr 4;54(4):493–502. doi: 10.1038/s12276-022-00746-8

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Schematic protocol of tomatidine treatment during CM differentiation of H9 cells. The period for tomatidine treatment is indicated in green. On Day 20, hESC-CMs were selected by lactate metabolic selection for 96 h. b Dose-dependent effects of tomatidine on the expression of α-SA. Western blot images of α-SA and GAPDH are shown. c Quantification of the expression of α-SA in panel (a). The band intensities of α-SA were normalized to those of GAPDH. d Time-dependent effects of tomatidine treatment on CM differentiation of hESCs. During CM differentiation of H9 cells in the absence or presence of 1 μM tomatidine, the protein levels of α-SA, cTnT, MLC2a, cTnI, and GAPDH were probed with western blotting at the indicated times. e Effects of tomatidine treatment on the mRNA expression of TNNI3 on Days 20 and 60 in the control CMs and Toma-CMs. f Effects of tomatidine treatment on the mRNA expression of MYL2, MLY7, MYH6, and MYH7. hESC-CMs were treated with vehicle or 1 μM tomatidine, and the relative mRNA levels of the genes were determined on Day 60. Data are shown as the mean ± S.D. (n = 5). *p < 0.05; ^‡p < 0.01; ^#p < 0.001.