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. 2022 May 6;11(5):e12218. doi: 10.1002/jev2.12218

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© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Extracellular Vesicles published by Wiley Periodicals, LLC on behalf of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Absence of CD73 in sEVs rescues immune suppression and restrains tumour growth in vivo. (a) Schematic of subcutaneous tumorigenesis in vivo experiment, followed with intratumoral injection of sEVs which were collected from SCC7, SCC7‐Nt5eKO or SCC7‐Nt5eOE cells grown in vitro. (b) The exhibition of isolated tumours. (c and d) The tumour weight and the time course of tumour growth in grams for 15 days postinjection with SCC7 or SCC7 ^Rab27a ^KO cells with or without CD73 in sEVs. Lat A was used as inhibitor of sEVs uptaken. (e) Flow cytometry analysis for infiltration of macrophages and percentage of CD73⁺/PD‐1⁺macrophages in tumours. (f). Flow cytometry analysis for infiltration of CD8⁺ T cells and percentage of CD73⁺/PD‐1⁺ CD8⁺ T cells in tumours. (g) Flow cytometry analysis for infiltration of Tregs and percentage of CD73⁺/PD‐1⁺ Tregs in tumours. (h) Schematic of subcutaneous tumorigenesis followed with intratumoral injection of engineered sEVs from mBMSC or mBMSC ^Nt5e ^OE. (i) The exhibition of dissected tumours. (j and k) The tumour weight and tumour growth curve of SCC7 control or SCC7 ^Rab27a ^KO with indicated treatment. (l and m) Flow cytometry analysis for infiltration of macrophages and percentage of CD73⁺ macrophages in tumours. (n) Flow cytometry analysis for infiltration of CD8⁺ T cells and Tregs in tumours. Data were analysed by Mann‐Whitney test (ns, no significant difference, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001)