Table 2.
Risk Factors for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).
| Cases (n-118) | Controls (n-59) | Odds ratio | 95% confidence interval |
P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Upper | Lower | |||||
| Dyslipidemiaa {n (%)} | 25 (21%) | 11 (19%) | 1.233 | 0.562 | 2.708 | 0.697 |
| Family history of dyslipidemia {n (%)} | 10 (09%) | 08 (14%) | 0.590 | 1.259 | 4.514 | 0.302 |
| Diabetes mellitus {n (%)} | 61 (52%) | 16 (27%) | 2.876 | 1.460 | 5.666 | 0.002 |
| Family history of DM n {n (%)} | 35 (30%) | 08 (13%) | 2.799 | 1.206 | 6.436 | 0.016 |
| Obesity {n (%)} | 63 (53%) | 23 (39%) | 1.793 | 0.949 | 3.387 | 0.081 |
| Family history of obesity {n (%)} | 25 (21%) | 02 (3.5%) | 7.661 | 1.748 | 33.57 | 0.002 |
| Hypertension {n (%)} | 32 (27%) | 15 (25%) | 1.091 | 0.535 | 2.226 | 0.858 |
| Family history of hypertension {n (%)} | 13 (11%) | 04 (07%) | 1.702 | 0.530 | 1.585 | 0.430 |
| Metabolic syndrome {n (%)} | 77 (65%) | 26 (44%) | 2.384 | 1.259 | 4.514 | 0.010 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl, mean ± SD) | 124 ± 43 | 113 ± 46 | NA | 0.494 | ||
| Triglycerides (mg/dl, mean ± SD) | 90 ± 38 | 90 ± 42 | NA | 0.938 | ||
| High-density lipoprotein (mg/dl, mean ± SD) | 36 ± 15 | 34 ± 18 | NA | 0.199 | ||
| Low-density lipoprotein (mg/dl, mean ± SD) | 72 ± 34 | 67 ± 34 | NA | 0.701 | ||
| Glucose-fasting (mean ± SD) mg/dl | 117 ± 33 | 113 ± 47 | NA | 0.168 | ||
| Glucose-postprandial (mean ± SD) mg/dl | 182 ± 76 | 170 ± 74 | NA | 0.572 | ||
| Duration of DM in years{median (IQR)} | 7 (0.5) | 5 (0) | NA | 0.113 | ||
| Weight {kg, median (range)} | 67.6 (40–100.8) | 63.7 (45–90.1) | NA | 0.059 | ||
| Waist-hip ratio {median (range)} | 1.02 (0.89–2.0) | 1.02 (0.91–1.11) | NA | 0.237 | ||
| BMIa {kg/m2, median (range)} | 25.2 (16.60–35.7) | 23.6 (17.3–32.9) | NA | 0.138 | ||
| Lifetime weight as obese (years, mean ± SD) | 5.9 ± 6.2 | 3.2 ± 5.1 | NA | 0.002 | ||
| Premorbid weight (kg, mean ± SD) | 70 ± 13 | 64 ± 10 | NA | 0.033 | ||
| ≥3 risk factors {n (%)} | 33 (28%) | 14 (24%) | NA | 0.592 | ||
HCV, hepatitis C virus; RNA, ribonucleic acid.
a
Dyslipidemia-elevated triglycerides >150 mg/dl or total cholesterol >200 mg/dl or LDL >130 mg/dl.