Recovery of glucose in human serum samples at the GCE/TiO₂ NW/PAPBA–Au TNC electrode.

Sample	Added glucose [mM]	Concentration [mM]		Recovery [%]	RSDa [%]
		Determined by glucometer	Determined at the fabricated electrode
Human serum samples	0	4.44 ± 0.01	4.43 ± 0.04	99.8
	1	5.415 ± 0.06	5.412 ± 0.01	99.94
	1	5.44 ± 0.02	5.43 ± 0.05	99.81
	1	5.43 ± 0.07	5.413 ± 0.04	99.68
	2	6.43 ± 0.03	6.425 ± 0.07	99.92
	2	6.36 ± 0.01	6.358 ± 0.02	99.97
	2	6.383 ± 0.05	6.38 ± 0.03	99.95
	3	7.388 ± 0.3	7.37 ± 0.01	99.75	2.84
	3	7.34 ± 0.03	7.35 ± 0.07	100.13
	3	7.442 ± 0.04	7.31 ± 0.06	98.22
	4	8.41 ± 0.01	8.43 ± 0.02	100.23
	4	8.45 ± 0.06	8.442 ± 0.05	99.90
	4	8.378 ± 0.02	8.4 ± 0.04	100.26
	5	9.42 ± 0.07	9.431 ± 0.03	100.11
	5	9.39 ± 0.03	9.388 ± 0.04	99.97
	5	9.41 ± 0.05	9.414 ± 0.03	100.04

^aNumber of measurements = 3.