Table 4.

Association Between Childhood Maltreatment and IQ

Childhood Maltreatment Exposure	Model 1			Model 2			Model 3			Model 4			Model 5
	B	95% CI	P	B a	95% CI	P	Ba + b	95% CI	P	Ba + b + c	95% CI	P	Ba + b + c + d	95% CI	P
Controls	N = 1283			N = 1280			N = 1268			N = 1145			N = 1145
Maltreatment	−5.28	−7.73; −2.82	<.001	−2.35	−4.50; −0.19	.033	−2.62	−4.85; −0.39	.022	−2.13	−4.48; 0.21	.075
Abuse	−6.05	−8.55; −3.54	<.001	−2.93	−5.12; −0.75	.009	−3.23	−5.52; −0.93	.006	−2.54	−4.99; −0.09	.042
Neglect	−5.17	−7.61; −2.74	<.001	−2.95	−5.09; −0.81	.007	−3.05	−5.22; −0.89	.006	−2.36	−4.64; −0.09	.042
FEP Patients	N = 829			N = 829			N = 695			N = 599			N = 561
Maltreatment	−2.98	−5.47; −0.49	.019     1157: 0002	−1.02	−3.22; 1.19	.368	−1.43	−3.91; 1.06	.261	−0.59	−3.25; 2.08	.666	−0.72	−3.52; 2.06	.610
Abuse	−0.72	−3.24; 1.81	.578	1.07	−1.16; 3.29	.347	0.35	−2.17; 2.86	.787	0.98	−1.68; 3.64	.470	1.10	−1.67; 3.87	.436
Neglect	−2.68	−5.18; −0.19	.035	−0.96	−3.16; 1.24	.391	−0.79	−3.21; 1.63	.522	−0.45	−3.02; 2.13	.734	−0.65	−3.34; 2.04	.635

Note: CI, confidence intervals; FEP, first-episode psychosis; IQ, intelligence quotient.

^aAdjusted for sex, age, ethnicity, education, and study country.

^bAdjusted for psychotic experiences and lifetime cannabis use.

^cAdjusted for social disadvantage and premorbid social functioning.

^dAdjusted for antipsychotic treatment; significant associations (P < .05) are shown in bold type.