Table 2.
Evidence quality of included studies
| Patients | Outcomes | Interventions vs comparisons | Author (year) | Relative effect (95% CI) | P-value | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AP | Incidence of myocardial infarction | MA + M vs M | Chen (2012) | OR 0.18 (0.04, 0.84) | 0.03 | L |
| Angina symptom relief | MA + M vs M | Chen (2012) | OR 4.23 (2.73, 6.56) | <0.01 | L | |
| MA vs M | Chen (2012) | OR 3.59 (1.76, 7.92) | 0.04 | VL | ||
| A + M/CM vs M/CM | Wang (2012) | OR 5.68 (2.59, 12.43) | <0.01 | VL | ||
| EA + M/CM vs M/CM | Shao (2016) | OR 1.18 (1.08, 1.29) | 0.002 | L | ||
| A + M/CM vs M/CM | Bu (2018) | OR 3.61 (2.42, 5.37) | <0.01 | Mo | ||
| ECG recovery | MA + M vs M | Chen (2012) | OR 2.61 (1.83, 3.73) | <0.01 | Mo | |
| MA vs M | Chen (2012) | OR 3.07 (1.54, 6.10) | 0.001 | VL | ||
| A + M/CM vs M/CM | Wang (2012) | OR 2.65 (1.59, 4.41) | 0.0002 | VL | ||
| A + M/CM vs M/CM | Yu (2015) | RR 0.48 (0.36, 0.63) | <0.01 | L | ||
| A + M/CM vs M/CM | Zhang (2015) | RR 1.28 (1.17, 1.39) | <0.01 | L | ||
| EA + M/CM vs M/CM | Shao (2016) | OR 1.99 (1.29, 3.07) | 0.002 | L | ||
| A + M/CM vs M/CM | Bu (2018) | OR 3.02 (1.99, 4.59) | <0.01 | L | ||
| Ineffectiveness of angina relief | MA + M/CM vs M/CM | Yu (2015) | RR 0.33 (0.21, 0.51) | <0.01 | L | |
| Nitroglycerin use | A + CM vs CM | Yu (2015) | MD -0.41 (-0.69, -0.14) | 0.0003 | L | |
| Reduce nitroglycerin use | EA + M/CM vs M/CM | Shao (2016) | OR 3,40 (1.56, 7.41) | 0.002 | VL | |
| Effect rate | A + CM vs CM | Li (2015) | OR 0.12 (0.04, 0.35) | <0.01 | VL | |
| A + M/CM vs M/CM | Zhang (2015) | RR 1.25 (1.17, 1.33) | <0.01 | Mo | ||
| EA + M/CM vs M/CM | Shao (2016) | OR 1.27 (0.64, 2.52) | 0.49 | L | ||
| A + M/CM vs M/CM | Sun (2019) | OR 3.76 (2.44, 5.80) | <0.01 | L | ||
| Myocardial ischemia time of Holter | A + M/CM vs M/CM | Zhang (2015) | WMD -16.94 (-37.54, 3.66) | 0.11 | VL | |
| A + M/CM vs M/CM | Bu (2018) | MD -16.93 (-34.46, 0.60) | 0.06 | L | ||
| 6-MWT | A + M/CM vs M/CM | Bu (2018) | MD 31.63 (29.18, 34.08) | <0.01 | VL | |
| Angina attack frequency | A + M/CM vs M/CM | Bu (2018) | MD -5.37 (-5.53, -5.21) | <0.01 | L | |
| Angina pain intensity | A + M/CM vs M/CM | Bu (2018) | MD -0.47 (-0.52, -0.43) | <0.01 | L | |
| Markedly effective rate | A + M/CM vs M/CM | Huang (2019) | OR 2.10 (1.62, 2.72) | <0.01 | Mo | |
| Moderately effective rate | A + M/CM vs M/CM | Huang (2019) | OR 0.98 (0.80, 1.21) | 0.876 | Mo | |
| SAP | Angina symptom relief | A + M/CM vs M/CM | Zhang (2015) | OR 2.89 (1.87, 4.47) | <0.01 | L |
| A + M/CM vs M/CM | Yang (2019) | RR 1.25 (1.11, 1.39) | 0.01 | L | ||
| ECG recovery | A + M/CM vs M/CM | Zhang (2015) | OR 1.81 (1.23, 2.71) | 0.03 | L | |
| A + M/CM vs M/CM | Yang (2019) | RR 1.25 (1.13, 1.37) | <0.01 | L | ||
| Effect rate | MA + M/CM vs M/CM | Zhang (2015) | OR 2.13 (0.90, 5.07) | 0.09 | VL | |
| MA + M vs M | Zhou (2018) | OR 6.01 (1.94, 18.66) | 0.002 | VL | ||
| A + M/CM vs M/CM | Yang (2019) | RR 1.25 (1.14, 1.37) | <0.01 | VL | ||
| Nitroglycerin use | A + CM vs CM | Zhang (2015) | MD -0.44 (-0.64, -0.24) | <0.01 | L | |
| EA + M vs M | Yang (2019) | MD -3.21 (-7.00, -0.59) | 0.1 | VL | ||
| A vs SA | Yang (2019) | MD -2.92 (-10.45, -4.62) | 0.45 | VL | ||
| A vs WT | Song (2021) | MD -1.56 (-2.56, -0.32) | 0.002 | L | ||
| Angina attack frequency | EA + M vs M | Yang (2019) | MD -5.30 (-6.37, -4.22) | <0.01 | L | |
| A vs SA | Yang (2019) | MD -4.47 (-6.69, -2.27) | <0.01 | VL | ||
| MA + M vs M | Ma (2020) | MD -4.93 (-5.08, -4.77) | <0.01 | Mo | ||
| A vs SA | Tu (2021) | MD -4.00 (-5.06, -2.94) | <0.01 | L | ||
| A vs SC | Tu (2021) | MD -5.10 (-5.25, -4.94) | <0.01 | L | ||
| A vs WT | Song (2021) | MD -5.38 (-5.54, -5.22) | <0.01 | L | ||
| Angina pain intensity | EA + M vs M | Yang (2019) | MD -0.90 (-1.34, -0.47) | <0.01 | L | |
| EA vs SA | Yang (2019) | MD -0.94 (-2.20, 0.32) | 0.14 | L | ||
| MA + M vs M | Ma (2020) | MD -0.48 (-0.53, -0.44) | <0.01 | Mo | ||
| A vs SA | Tu (2021) | MD -0.46 (-0.81, -0.11) | 0.01 | L | ||
| A vs SC | Tu (2021) | MD -0.72 (-0.96, -0.48) | <0.01 | L | ||
| A vs WT | Song (2021) | MD -0.47 (-0.52, -0.43) | <0.01 | L | ||
| 6-MWT | A + M vs M | Yang (2019) | MD 36.98 (-18.56, 92.52) | <0.19 | VL | |
| EA vs SA | Yang (2019) | MD 17.50 (17.10, 17.90) | <0.01 | L | ||
| A vs WT | Song (2021) | MD 30.65 (28.18, 33.12) | <0.01 | L | ||
| UAP | Effective rate | MA + M vs M | Li (2017) | OR 6.31 (0.91,10.87) | <0.01 | VL |
| ECG recovery | MA + M vs M | Li (2017) | OR 1.98 (1.18, 3.33) | 0.01 | L | |
| A + M/CM vs M/CM | Yu (2015) | RR 0.62 (0.42, 0.90) | 0.01 | L | ||
| Myocardial ischemia time of Holter | MA + M vs M | Li (2017) | MD -13.13 (-15.35, 10.90) | <0.01 | VL |
A: acupuncture; AP: angina pectoris; CHD: coronary heart disease; CI, confidence interval; CM: Chinese medicines; EA: electroacupuncture; ECG: electrocardiogram; L, low; M: Medications; MA: manual acupuncture; MD, mean difference; Mo, moderate; OR, odds ratio; RR, relative risk; SA: Sham acupuncture; SAP: stable angina pectoris; SC: Standard care; SMD, standardized mean difference; UAP: unstable angina pectoris; VL, very low; WT: Waiting treatment; 6-MWT: six-minutes walking test;
Values of the included SR were expressed with the second decimal places in P values, although some values have more than 2 decimal places, such as p<0.00001;
①Included RCTs did not report randomization, allocation concealment, blinding, loss of drop-out or selective report; ②Small sample size or large confidence interval; ③Unexplained heterogeneity; ④Suspicion of publishing bias.