Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics of participants
| Characteristics | Overall (n=238) | Tai Chi (n=120) | Aerobic exercise (n=118) | t/χ2/Z | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 68.0 (10.0) | 69.0 (9.0) | 67.0 (12.0) | 0.940 | 0.349 |
| Height (cm) | 158.0 (12.0) | 158.0 (10.0) | 158.0 (14.0) | -0.344 | 0.731 |
| Weight (kg) | 60.0 (13.0) | 60.0 (13.0) | 60.0 (14.3) | -0.705 | 0.481 |
| BMI (kg/m2, Mean±SD) a | 23.26±3.35 | 23.54±3.74 | 22.97±2.89 | 1.297 | 0.196 |
| Gender n (%) | 1.092 | 0.296 | |||
| Male | 113 (47.68) | 61 (50.83) | 52 (44.07) | ||
| Female | 125 (52.52) | 59 (49.17) | 66 (55.93) | ||
| Marital status n (%) | 3.21 | 0.073 | |||
| Married | 195 (81.93) | 93 (77.50) | 102 (86.44) | ||
| Single (Unmarried/Divorced/ Separated/Widowed) | 43 (18.07) | 27 (22.50) | 16 (13.56) | ||
| Living status n (%) | 5.176 | 0.395 | |||
| Living with partner | 100 (42.02) | 43 (35.83) | 57 (48.31) | ||
| Living with partner and children | 65 (27.31) | 33 (27.50) | 32 (27.12) | ||
| Living with children | 43 (18.07) | 26 (21.67) | 17 (14.41) | ||
| Living with caregiver | 2 (0.84) | 1 (0.83) | 1 (0.85) | ||
| Live alone | 25 (10.50) | 15 (12.50) | 10 (8.47) | ||
| Other | 3 (1.26) | 2 (1.67) | 1 (0.85) | ||
| Education years (year) | 6.829 | 0.078 | |||
| 0-6 | 55 (23.11) | 33 (27.50) | 22 (18.64) | ||
| 6-9 | 95 (39.92) | 51 (42.50) | 44 (37.29) | ||
| 9-12 | 71 (29.83) | 27 (22.50) | 44 (37.29) | ||
| >12 | 17 (7.14) | 9 (7.50) | 8 (6.78) | ||
| Per capita monthly income (yuan) | 0.589 | 0.443 | |||
| <=1499 | 143 (60.08) | 75 (62.50) | 68 (57.63) | ||
| >1499 | 95 (39.92) | 45 (37.50) | 50 (42.37) | ||
| Number of diseases n (%) | 2.002 | 0.572 | |||
| 0 | 46 (19.33) | 24 (20.00) | 22 (18.64) | ||
| 1 | 77 (32.35) | 42 (35.00) | 35 (29.66) | ||
| 2 | 50 (21.01) | 21 (17.50) | 29 (24.58) | ||
| >=3 | 65 (27.31) | 33 (27.50) | 32 (27.12) | ||
| Per capita living area (m2) | 25.0 (20.0) | 25.0 (20) | 20.5 (18.0) | -1.279 | 0.201 |
Note: SD Standard deviation, BMI Body mass index
a BMI was described as Mean±SD, other variables were described as median and inter-quartile
Independent t-test, chi-square test and Mann–Whitney U test were used