Proton conductivity and activation energy values of different composite membranes.
| Membrane | Proton conductivity (mS cm−1) at 60 °C | Proton conductivity (mS cm−1) at 120 °C | Activation energy (kJ mol−1) under 100% RH | Activation energy (kJ mol−1) under 20% RH |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recast Nafion | 68.53 ± 2 | 2.45 ± 0.4 | 14.73 | 26.52 |
| Nafion/SGF-0.5 | 77.33 ± 4 | 4.58 ± 0.6 | 13.55 | 25.95 |
| Nafion/SGF-1.5 | 86.66 ± 3 | 7.81 ± 0.4 | 12.05 | 23.21 |
| Nafion/SGF-3 | 99.34 ± 4 | 11.62 ± 0.4 | 10.16 | 21.41 |
| Nafion/GO-3 | 80.82 ± 2 | 5.61 ± 0.6 | 13.28 | 19.22 |