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. 2022 May 8;151:113089. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113089

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© 2022 The Authors

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Fig. 3 — The effects of COVID-19 on pancreatic β-cells have been studied. SARS-COV-2 causes the downregulation of ACE-2, which is located over β-cells, increasing cytokine storm and fibrosis of the pancreas, as well as a reduction in pancreatic blood flow and insulin secretion, all of which contribute to decreased pancreas survival and severity of disease progression in the patient. ACE2, Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; Ang 1–7, Angiotensin 1–7; AT1R, Angiotensin II receptor type 1; SARS-COV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2.