Table 1.
Complications in pre-existing diabetic persons, as well as retrospective data from certain research, suggest that COVID-19 is responsible for the genesis of new diabetes.
| Complication in the pre-existing diabetic patient | ||||||||||||||
| Sr. No. | Patient age (yrs) | Gender | Symptoms (COVID-19 infection) | Disease history | Medication history | Management of co-morbid disease | Serious complications observed | Ref. | ||||||
| 1 | 53 | Male | Tiredness, myalgia, ageusia, hyposmia, and one incident of vomiting | Diabetes and hypertension | Nil | Diet, exercise, and lifestyle modification | DKA, plasma blood glucose 1543 mg/dL, Glycated hemoglobin 13.0%, blood urea 32.10–136.9 mg/dL, Na: 139–164, mEq/L, K: 4.1–5.3 mEq/L | [52] | ||||||
| 2 | 78 | Male | Mild fever and dry cough | Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and recurrent ischemic stroke | Statins, ARBs (losartan), and oral hypoglycemic agents | NA | On 9th day of admission: Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS), pulse 124b/min, BP 180/100, blood glucose 626 mg/dL, blood urea 64 mg/dL, serum Na: 167 mEq/L, serum K 4.2 mEq/L, serum osmolality 378 mOsm/kg | [53] | ||||||
| 3 | 46 | Male | Weakness, myalgia, hyposmia, vomiting, polydipsia, polyuria | Diabetes and hypertension | Nil | Diet, exercise, and lifestyle modification | Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), thrombocytopenia, pneumonia, CRP 4.03–19.8 mg/ml, Na: 139–164mEq/L, serum K: 4.1–5.3 mEq/L | [55] | ||||||
| New onset of diabetes after COVID-19 | ||||||||||||||
| Sr. no. | Type of study | Mean Age (y) | Study population | Setting | Diabetic prevalence (%) | Ref. | ||||||||
| 1 | Retrospective | 64 | 258 | West Court of Union Hospital in Wuhan, China | 24 | [59] | ||||||||
| 2 | – | 5279 | The single academic medical center, New York City | 22.6 | [62] | |||||||||
| 3 | 61 | 453 | Wuhan Union Hospital | 11.7 | [63] | |||||||||
| 4 | 47 | 80 | Anhui Provincial Hospital | 27.5 | [64] | |||||||||
| 5 | 56 | 191 | Jinyintan Hospital and Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital | 19 | [65] | |||||||||
| 6 | 62 and 53 | 7337 | The multi-centered study, Hubei Province, China | 13 | [66] | |||||||||
| 7 | 66.6 and 68.5 | 59 | Vanvitelli University and San Sebastiano Caserta Hospital | 44 | [67] | |||||||||
DKA, Diabetic Ketoacidosis; HHS, Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state; BP, Blood Pressure; AKI, Acute Kidney Injury; ARBs, Angiotensin receptor blocker; Na, Sodium; K, Potassium; mg/dL, milligram per deciliter; mEq/L, Mill equivalents per liter.